油莎豆繁殖块茎大小对幼苗建植和后续繁殖特性的影响

The effect of tuber size of Cyperus esculentus on seedling establishment and later reproductive traits

通过分析油莎豆不同大小块茎的萌发、幼苗生长及不同收获期植株产量的变化规律,研究了油莎豆块茎大小对幼苗建植和不同收获期繁殖特性的影响.结果表明:中等大小的油莎豆块茎发芽率和发芽速率最高,大块茎和中等大小块茎萌发的幼苗芽和根重量最大.不同收获期油莎豆块茎大小对萌发植株分蘖数没有显著影响,但种植后的95~110 d大块茎和中等大小块茎萌发植株分蘖数显著大于小块茎植株.不同大小块茎种植后的95~110 d植株高度达到最大值,大块茎和中等大小块茎萌发植株高度在出苗后的95~110 d显著大于小块茎植株;大块茎和小块茎油莎豆萌发出苗后,植株地上生物量均在65~110 d达到最大,且出苗后的65~110 d植株地上生物量没有显著差异,中等大小块茎油莎豆萌发出苗后植株地上生物量在95~110 d达到最大;出苗后第110天的大块茎和中等大小块茎萌发植株地上生物量显著大于小块茎植株.不同大小块茎萌发植株块茎数量和重量在种植后的第110天达到最大,且大块茎和中等大小块茎萌发植株的块茎数量和重量最大.块茎大小对油莎豆幼苗建植和后期繁殖特性具有显著影响,生产中选择中等大小的油莎豆块茎作为种子播种为最佳.

The effect of tuber size on seedling establishment and reproductive characters were investigated by analysizing tuber germination,seedling growth and seed yield under different harvest times.The results showed that germination and germination rate from medium tuber were significantly higher than these from large and small tubers.Seedling shoot and root from medium and large tubers were higher than that from small tuber.Tiller numbers were similar from three tuber sizes under different harvest times.However,tiller number from medium and large tubers were significantly higher than that from small tuber when the plant were harvest from 95 to 110 days.The plant height of all size tubers reached the highest values from 95 to 110 days after seedling emergence.And the plant heights from large and medium tubers were significantly higher than that from small tuber from 95 to 110 days after seedling emergence.The above-ground biomass from small and large tubers reached the highest values from 65 to 110 days after seedling emergence.While above-ground biomass from medium tuber gained the highest values from 90 to 110 days after seedling emergence.The above-ground biomass from medium and large tubers were significantly higher than that from small tuber at 110 days after seedling emergence.The tuber number and biomass from medium and large tubers increased with the harvest time and gained the highest values at 110 days after seedling emergence.Therefore,there was significant effect of tuber size on seedling establishment and reproductive traits.Medium tuber behaved better and should be chosen as seed in production.