人工智能自主发明的社会风险及其法律应对

Social Risks of Autonomous Invention of Artificial Intelligence and Its Legal Response

人工智能技术既是一项制度文明,也可能带来一定的制度风险。人工智能凭借其智能算法模型对人类思维的模仿,正在科研发明领域逐渐展现着具备脱离人类干预、自主创新的能力。但这种现代化的技术形态对法律所调整的诸方面社会关系产生了冲击。在智能机器自主发明过程中,不可避免地产生了权利保护模式不明、侵权责任难以认定、市场竞争被破坏以及违反人类道德等社会风险。当前法律制度应从厘清权利保护模式、明确侵权责任主体与证明责任分配、规制反竞争风险以及加强伦理道德要求等方面进行积极应对,并在此基础上,建立以预防性治理理念为核心的法律运行体系,从而实现对人工智能自主发明风险的有效防控。

Artificial intelligence technology is an institutional civilization,but it may also bring certain institutional risks.Relying on imitating human thinking with intelligent algorithm model,artificial intelligence is gradually showing its ability to break away from human intervention and its independent innovation in the field of scientific research and invention.However,this modern technological form has had an impact on the social relations of various aspects of legal adjustment.In the process of autonomous invention of intelligent machines,there are inevitably social risks such as unclear rights protection mode,difficulty in determining infringement liability,destruction of market competition,and violation of human morality.The current legal system should actively respond to the rights protection model,clarify the subject of infringement liability and the distribution of the duty of proof,regulate anti-competitive risks,and strengthen ethical and moral requirements,furthermore,establish a legal operation system centered on the concept of preventive governance ideology to achieve effective prevention and control of the risks of the independent invention of artificial intelligence.