莫迪政府时期印度与越南全面战略伙伴关系:新进展、驱动因素与局限

Comprehensive Strategic Partnership Between India and Vietnam Under Modi Government:New Developments, Drivers and Limitations

莫迪执政时期,为进一步推动印度与越南关系的深化,两国构建了更深层次的全面战略伙伴关系。在两国政府的积极推动下,印度与越南持续推进战略对话及经贸、防务、能源、疫情防控等领域的合作。印度与越南地缘政治诉求、经贸合作需求、企图利用南海问题制衡中国等因素推动两国全面战略伙伴关系发展。与此同时,印度与越南全面战略伙伴关系仍存在诸多局限:两国仍缺乏稳定的双边合作机制;印度外交战略的核心是以美国为首的西方大国,而非越南等东盟国家;两国关系受大国关系制约等。因此,印度与越南全面战略伙伴关系的地缘政治影响力仍然较为有限。

During the Modi Administration, India and Vietnam built a comprehensive strategic partnership in order to further promote India-Vietnam relations. With active efforts from both sides, the two governments have continued to advance strategic dialogue and cooperation in such areas as economy, trade, defense, energy and epidemic prevention and control. The common geopolitical aspirations of India and Vietnam, the need for economic and trade cooperation, and the common need to seek strategic cooperation on the South China Sea issue are the driving forces behind the comprehensive strategic partnership between the two countries. But at the same time, the India-Vietnam comprehensive strategic partnership still has many limitations. First, the two countries still lack a stable bilateral cooperation mechanism. Second, India’s strategic resource commitment to Vietnam is limited. Western power, led by the US rather than ASEAN countries such as Vietnam, are at the core of India’s diplomatic strategy. Third, bilateral relations are constrained by powers like China and the US. The high dependence of India and Vietnam on China’s economy makes them relatively rational and restrained in their policies towards China. Moreover, India-Vietnam relations can hardly be separated from the strategic track of the United States. Thus, the geopolitical influence of the comprehensive strategic partnership between the two countries remains limited.