马来西亚政府对华经济政策的调整(2018—2022年)

Adjustments of Malaysia’s Economic Policy towards China From 2018 to 2022

中国与马来西亚的经济关系一直保持相对稳定的态势,马来西亚也十分重视维持对华经济关系的发展。纵观两国建交近50年来,在经济合作方面取得了丰硕的成果。1974—2018年,马来西亚采取了稳定务实的经济政策来发展对华经济关系,但自2018年以来,由于马来西亚国内政府更迭导致马来西亚在对华经济政策上出现了新的调整与发展。因此,文章从国际政治经济学的角度,以马来西亚东海岸铁路项目为例,通过分析该项目从2018—2022年的具体政策变化来探究马来西亚政府是如何调整对华经济政策的。结果表明,尽管马来西亚受到国内持续性政治危机的影响,自2018年以来先后经历三届政府,但是马来西亚并未从根本上改变其对华的经济政策,仍然是依靠稳定务实的经济政策来发展与中国的经济关系,从而推动马来西亚在后疫情时代下的经济恢复与发展。

The economic relations between Malaysia and China have maintained a relatively stable situation, and Malaysia also attaches great importance to maintaining the development of economic relations with China. Throughout the decades of development, Malaysia and China have achieved fruitful results in economic cooperation. From the establishment of diplomatic relations in 1974 to 2018, Malaysia has adopted a stable and pragmatic economic policy to develop its economic relations with China. However, after 2018, due to Malaysia’s domestic regime changes, new adjustments and developments have occurred in its economic policy towards China. Therefore, from the perspective of International Political Economy(IPE), this paper selects the East Coast Rail Link(ECRL) as a case study to explore how the Malaysian government adjusts its economic policy towards China by analyzing the specific changes of the ECRL from 2018 to 2022. The results show that despite the ongoing political crisis in Malaysia, which has gone through three different governments since 2018, namely, the Pakatan Harapan(PH), the Perikatan Nasional(PN) and Ismail Shabri, Malaysia has not fundamentally changed its economic policy towards China, and still insisted on the stable and pragmatic economic policy to develop its economic relations with China so that it could push the recovery and development of Malaysian economy in the post-era of Covid-19 pandemic.