公共产品供给、社会资本与获得感--基于灾区重建调查数据的实证分析

Public Goods Supply,Social Capital and Sense of Gain:an Empirical Analysis Based on Reconstruction Survey Data

灾后恢复是一个资源重整和再生的社会过程,政府通过公共产品供给进行资源调度,增强灾民的获得感,以达到有效治理的目的。考察灾民对公共产品供给的评价在何种程度上影响获得感有助于避免无效治理,具有重要的现实意义。基于2018年汶川地震灾民调查数据,主要运用多元回归分析法和调节效应模型,研究社会公平性产品评价对获得感的影响机制,结果表明:(1)社会公平性产品评价对获得感有显著影响,影响效果在不同性别、受教育情况和婚姻状况的个体之间具有明显差异;(2)社会资本对社会公平性产品评价与获得感间关系具有显著负向调节作用,存在挤出效应。研究结果意味着政府在灾后重建中应更关注公共产品供给规划,从更精细的角度考虑不同灾民群体需求的差异与变化,从而不断提升其获得感。

Disaster recovery is a social process of resource reorganization and regeneration.The government allocates resources by supplying public goods to enhance the sense of gain of disaster survivors and achieve good governance.Examining the extent how people’s evaluation of the supply of public goods affects the sense of gain helps avoid invalid governance,which has important practical significance.Based on the survey data of survivors of Wenchuan earthquake in 2018,multiple regression analysis and moderating effect model are mainly used to study the impact mechanism for influence of social fairness public goods evaluation on sense of gain.The results show that:(1)the evaluation of social fairness public goods has a significant impact on the sense of gain,and the impact effect is obviously different among individuals with different gender,education and marital status;(2)social capital has a significant negative regulatory effect on the relationship between social fairness public goods evaluation and sense of gain,and there is a crowding out effect.The results of the study reveal that the government should pay more attention to supply planningof public goods in post-disaster reconstruction and take into consideration the differences and changes in the needs of different groups of survivors from a more detailed perspective,so as to continuously enhance their sense of gain.