辨析机载地形匹配系统的关键应用技术特征

Analysis on the Key Application Technical Characteristics of the Airborne Terrain Matching System

机载地形匹配系统作为一种重要的现代航空导航手段,在其实际运行过程中需对机载高度传感器、惯导、数字地形高程数据以及匹配算法进行综合处理,以获得高精度、可靠的定位结果。文中讨论了机载地形匹配系统的组成及主要功能,分析了地形特征传感设备、数字地形高程数据库、主导航设备及地形匹配算法的典型应用方式,提出了以捕获模式的可靠性、跟踪模式的精度等作为系统性能的关键评估指标,并通过实际飞行数据对所设计的数字地形匹配系统进行了性能测试。测试结果表明,在实现过程中模式控制逻辑工作稳定,没有出现虚假定位现象,捕获模式和跟踪模式的精度均优于50 m。

As an important means of modern aviation navigation, the airborne terrain matching system comprehensively processes the airborne altitude sensor, inertial navigation, digital terrain elevation data and matching algorithm during its actual operation to obtain high-precision and reliable positioning. In this paper, the composition and main functions of the airborne terrain matching system are discussed, the typical application modes of key technologies such as terrain feature sensing equipment, digital terrain elevation database, main navigation equipment and terrain matching algorithm are analyzed, and the reliability of capture mode and accuracy of tracking mode are taken as the key evaluation indicators of system performance, and the performance of the designed numerical terrain matching system is tested with the actual test flight data. The test results show that the mode control logic works stably in the implementation process, and there is no false positioning phenomenon. The accuracy of capture mode and tracking mode is better than 50 m.