木材弦切面花纹的视觉特性

Visual characteristics of wood tangential section pattern

【目的】研究不同木材花纹的视觉特性,有助于设计师精准开发符合用户心理需求的木制家具,对凸显家具企业产品差异化优势、提高产品附加值具有重要意义。【方法】基于感性工学和国内外对木材表面视觉特性的研究,对8种常用木材弦切面花纹的视觉物理量与视觉心理量进行测量,并用SPSS软件对试验数据进行聚类分析和相关性分析。【结果】8种木材视觉物理量参数之间存在明显差异,其中白蜡与红橡纹理最粗,平均值均超过3.32 mm。纹理间距最大和最小的分别为硬枫和巴西花梨,纹理间距平均值分别为12.30 mm和8.06 mm。硬枫的纹理最为稀疏,而白蜡的纹理最为密集。玫瑰、硬枫的整体明度较高,纹理较为模糊,而巴西花梨与黑胡桃的整体明度较低,纹理较为清晰。聚类分析结果分为三类,Ⅰ类硬枫、玫瑰、赤杨与樱桃给人以古朴典雅、朴实细腻的感觉;Ⅱ类白蜡与红橡给人以柔和、稳重的感觉;Ⅲ类巴西花梨与黑胡桃则给人以传统、粗犷、大气的感觉。纹理粗细与纹理密度对木材视觉心理量的影响较小,而纹理间距、纹理清晰度及木材明度是影响视觉心理量的主要因素。【结论】木材弦切面花纹视觉物理量参数与视觉心理量之间具有一定的相关性和内在联系。

【Objective】Wood patterns are of great variety and changeable shapes.Studying the visual characteristics of different wood patterns can help designers to accurately develop wooden furniture that meets the users’psychological needs.It is of great significance for furniture companies to reflect the advantages of product differentiation and improve the added value of products.【Method】Based on Kansei Engineering and international research on the visual characteristics of wood surfaces,the visual physical quantity and visual psychological quantity of 8 kinds of wood surface patterns were measured.The experimental data were analyzed by clustering analysis and correlation analysis with SPSS.【Result】The results showed that there were obvious differences among the 8 kinds of wood visual physical parameters.Among them,the grain of Fraxinu americana and Quercus rubra was the coarsest,with the average value exceeding 3.32mm.The maximum and minimum grain spacing were 12.30 mm and 8.06 mm for Acer nigrum and Guibouritia pellegriniana,respectively.Acer nigrum had the sparsest grain,while Fraxinu americana had the densest grain.The brightness of Eucalyptus grandis and Acer nigrum was the highest and the grain was blurred,while the brightness of Guibouritia pellegriniana and Juglans nigra was the lowest and the grain was clear.The cluster analysis results were divided into three categories:Acer nigrum,Prunus serotine,Alnus rubra and Prunus serotine belonged to the first category,which made people feel quaint,elegant,simple and delicate.Fraxinu Americana and Quercus rubra belonged to the second category,which made people feel soft and steady.Guibouritia pellegriniana and Juglans nigra belonged to the third category,which made people feel traditional,rough and atmospheric.The correlation analysis results showed that grain width and grain density had little influence on the visual psychological quantity of wood,while grain spacing,grain clarity and wood brightness were the main factors affecting visual psychological quantity.【Conclusion】In summary,there is a correlation and internal connection between the visual physical quantity parameters of the wood tangential section pattern and visual psychological quantity.