中央环保督察促进地区产业结构升级了吗?——一个地方政府竞争的视角

A Perspective from Local Governments:Has the Central Environmental Protection Inspector Promoted the Upgrading of Regional Industrial Structure?

中央环保督察作为极具中国特色的环境规制手段,有效解决了单一环境规制政策效率不足的问题,有利于打破传统环境规制下环境整治“治标不治本”的现象。但在改善地区生态环境质量的同时,中央环保督察能否有效“倒逼”地区产业结构升级?利用地级市数据构建空间杜宾模型和中介效应模型,在地方政府竞争的视角下,探讨中央环保督察对地区产业结构升级的影响。研究结果表明:1)在不考虑和考虑地方政府竞争的情况下,中央环保督察对地区产业结构升级均有显著的正向影响;2)中央环保督察对地区产业结构升级的影响存在正向空间溢出效应,地方政府之间存在“逐顶竞争”机制;3)技术创新路径和产业选择路径均存在显著的中介效应,且技术创新路径推动地方政府形成“逐顶竞争”;4)中央环保督察在东部、中部、西部和东北地区对产业结构升级均有显著促进作用,并在东部地区形成地方政府“逐顶竞争”机制,中部地区形成差异化竞争机制,西部和东北地区显著的正向空间溢出效应尚不存在。

As a means of environmental regulation with Chinese characteristics,the central environmental supervision has effectively solved the problem of insufficient efficiency of a single environmental regulation policy,which is conducive to breaking the phenomenon of“treating the symptoms rather than the root causes”of environmental regulation under traditional environmental regulations.But while improving the quality of regional ecological environment,can the central environmental protection inspector effectively“force”the upgrading of regional industrial structure?This paper constructs spatial Dubin model and intermediary effect model with prefecture level city data,and discusses the impact of central environmental protection supervision on the upgrading of regional industrial structure from the perspective of local government competition.The results show that:1)Without considering and considering the local government competition,the central environmental protection supervision has a significant positive impact on the upgrading of regional industrial structure.2)The impact of the central environmental protection supervision on the upgrading of regional industrial structure has a positive spatial spillover effect,and there is a“top by top competition”mechanism between local governments.3)The technological innovation path and the industrial choice path both have significant intermediary effects,and the technological innovation path promotes local governments to form“top competition”.4)The central environmental protection supervision has played a significant role in promoting the upgrading of industrial structure in the eastern,central,western and northeastern regions,and formed a“top by top competition”mechanism for local governments in the eastern region,a differentiated competition mechanism in the central region,and no significant positive spatial spillover effect in the western and northeastern regions.