生态环境渎职犯罪惩治机制完善研究

Research on the Improvement of the Punishment Mechanism for Crimes of Ecological and Environmental Dereliction of Duty

生态环境渎职犯罪惩治机制是指对国家机关工作人员在生态环境保护监管过程中的渎职犯罪行为进行惩办和治理的一系列制度、形式以及相关部门协同惩治的运行方式和过程,包括生态环境渎职犯罪的惩治依据、惩治方式、惩治程序以及相关部门既分工负责、又互相配合、互相制约的有机统一。对生态环境渎职犯罪的惩治,存在刑罚设置不合理、惩治效果欠佳,刑罚适用过于轻缓、缺乏严厉性,免缓刑适用标准不统一,行政执法监督不到位、与刑事司法衔接机制不够顺畅,行政执法与监察调查衔接机制不畅等突出问题。为切实解决这些问题,达到有效惩治生态环境渎职犯罪、助力推进生态文明建设目标,需要重新考量并设置法定刑幅度,规范缓刑、免予刑事处罚的适用标准,健全公安机关刑事侦查、监察机关监察调查与检察机关指控犯罪三位一体的追诉衔接机制,建立健全生态环境保护行政执法与监察调查有效衔接工作机制。

The punishment mechanism for crimes of ecological and environmental dereliction of duty refers to a series of systems and forms for punishing and controlling crimes of the dereliction of duty committed by the state organ personnel in the process of the supervision of ecological and environmental protection,as well as the operation methods and processes of coordinated punishment by relevant departments,including the punishment basis,punishment methods,punishment process of crimes of ecological and environmental dereliction of duty,and the organic unity of relevant departments that are both responsible for the division of labor,cooperate with each other,and check each other.In the punishment of crimes of ecological and environmental dereliction of duty,there are prominent problems such as unreasonable setting of criminal punishments,poor punishment effects,too lenient application of criminal punishments,lack of harshness,inconsistent standards for the application of exemption from probation,inadequate enforcement of administrative law,insufficient smooth linkage mechanism with criminal justice,and poor linkage mechanism between the enforcement of administrative law and the investigation of the supervisory departments.In order to effectively solve these problems and achieve the goal of effectively punishing crimes of ecological and environmental dereliction of duty and help to promote the construction of ecological civilization,it is necessary to reconsider and set the statutory range of punishment,standardize the applicable standards for probation and exemption from criminal punishment,establish a three-in-one prosecution linkage mechanism between the criminal investigation by the public security organs,the investigation by the supervisory departments and the prosecution by the procuratorate,and establish and improve the working mechanism for the effective connection between the enforcement of administrative law in ecological and environmental protection and the investigation of the supervisory departments.