铺设地膜条件下梭梭土壤水分的动态变化

Soil Moisture Dynamics of Haloxylon Ammodendron Under Mulching Conditions

[目的]揭示铺设地膜条件下梭梭土壤水分变化特征,为河西走廊沙漠化防治提供技术支撑。[方法]针对甘肃省民勤县沙生植物梭梭,在周围设置麦草方格,并布设4种不同厚度的高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)地膜处理和1种未覆膜的对照处理,对5种处理梭梭进行土壤含水量观测试验,分析梭梭的土壤含水量变化。[结果]梭梭土壤含水量与季节降雨变化保持一致,40 cm深度以上土壤含水量受降雨量影响波动较大,布设有白膜、黑膜和棚膜梭梭的土壤含水量高于未覆膜的对照区梭梭和农膜梭梭土壤的含水量;且一年生育期内,铺设白膜梭梭的土壤储水量始终处于最高值,耗水量最大。[结论]白膜保水性能最好,可以有效防止土壤水分蒸发损失,提高蓄水保墒能力。

[Objective]The characteristics of soil water variation of Haloxylon ammodendron grown under plastic film mulch were determined in order to provide technical support for desertification control in the Hexi Corridor.[Methods]Based on the psammophyte Haloxylon ammodendron of Minqin County in Gansu Province,wheat grass squares were set around Haloxylon ammodendron,and treatments of four kinds of high density polyethylene(HDPE)film mulch with different thicknesses and one control treatment without film were arranged.Soil water content was measured and subjected to statistical analysis.[Results]The soil water content of Haloxylon ammodendron was varied with seasonal rainfall.The soil water content above the 40 cm depth fluctuated greatly under the influence of rainfall.The soil water contents of Haloxylon ammodendron with white film,black film,and shed film were greater than the control treatment without film and the farmland film.During the one-year growing period,the soil water storage was always at the highest and the water consumption was the largest.[Conclusion]The white film had the best water retention performance,and could effectively prevent soil water evaporation and improve water storage ability and moisture conservation.