晋西黄土高原矿区生态系统服务与居民福祉空间耦合特征

Spatial Coupling Characteristics of Ecosystem Services and Residents’Well-Being at Mining Area of Loess Plateau in Western Shanxi Province

[目的]探析晋西黄土高原矿区生态系统服务与居民福祉空间耦合关系,为推进资源密集地区生态环境与居民福祉协调发展提供科学依据。[方法]以晋西三川河流域街镇为研究单元,利用问卷调查、当量因子法、耦合协调度和地理探测器模型刻画该流域2020年生态系统服务和居民福祉的耦合度及耦合协调度空间特征,并分析其驱动因子。[结果]①生态系统服务价值呈现“东高西低”的空间格局,东西差异明显。②居民福祉水平总体呈现“中部低,东西高”的空间特征。③耦合协调度空间分布呈现“东高西低”的特征,以协调状态为主,其中良好协调比例58.9%。④耦合协调度在空间上的差异受多种因子的影响,其中土地利用程度、植被覆盖度和年均降水量是耦合协调度空间分异的主要影响因子,且植被覆盖度、土地利用程度与其他因子的交互作用对耦合协调度的影响显著。[结论]三川河流域生态系统服务与居民福祉空间耦合特征差异明显,主导影响因子为植被状况,未来需整体科学规划生态空间,重点关注流域中西部绿色开发和生态修复工作,同时切实提升居民福祉水平。

[Objective]The spatial coupling relationship between ecosystem services and residents’well-being at mining area in the Western Shanxi Loess Plateau was studied in order to provide support for promoting the coordinated development of ecological environment and residents’well-being in resource-intensive areas.[Methods]We took towns in Sanchuan River basin in Western Shanxi Province as the research units,and applied questionnaire survey,equivalent factor method,coupling coordination degree and geographic detector model to describe the spatial characteristics of coupling degree and coordination degree of ecosystem services and residents’well-being of the basin in 2020,and to explore its driving factors.[Results]①The spatial pattern of ecosystem service value showed high in the east and low in the west with obvious difference between the east and the west.②The spatial pattern of residents’well-being showed low in the middle and high in the east and west.③The spatial distribution of coupling coordination degree showed a feature of high in the east and low in the west with coordination state being the main factor,good coordination accounted for 58.9%.④The spatial difference of coupling coordination degree was affected by many factors,among which land use degree,vegetation cover degree and average annual precipitation were the main influencing factors,and the interaction between vegetation cover degree,land use degree and other factors had a greater impact on the coupling coordination degree.[Conclusion]The spatial coupling characteristics of ecosystem services and residents’well-being in Sanchuan River basin are obviously different,and the dominant influencing factor is vegetation status.In the future,it is necessary to plan ecological space scientifically,focus on green development and ecological restoration in the central and western parts of the basin,and effectively improve residents’well-being.