商事关系结构刍论

On the Structure of Commercial Relations

商事交易中发生财产权从静态向动态的转化,可化约为经济要素交易关系—商事交易关系—商事关系的表现形式,使商事关系呈现契约“点—链—群”的内部结构样态。商事关系因此具有内部价值、转化价值和适应社会系统之外部价值的三层价值,形成以保障私权为原点,以尊重商事自治、促进商事交易效率、维护交易安全为轴的三维边界结构。商法规范生成于商事关系结构,且随其动态发展而进化。商法规范的革新方向,则取决于不同研究者对商事关系价值次序的认知。故商事关系应是资本聚合之持续经营体,以营利目的与其他平等主体通过对交换价值的交易行为而形成的私的关系。经由商法的规范转化,商事关系纳入私法关系之属,并成为商法调整对象。

The transformation of property rights from static to dynamic in commercial transactions can be reduced to the expression of“economic factor transaction relations ” “commercial transaction relations” “commercial relations”, so that commercial relations show the internal structure of the commercial relations contractual “point-chain-group”. Commercial relations thus have three layers of values: internal values, transformative values and external values adapted to the social system, which lead commercial relations to form a three-dimensional boundary with the protection of private rights as the origin, and respect for commercial autonomy, promotion of commercial transaction efficiency and maintenance of transaction security as the axis. The norms of commercial law emerge from the structure of commercial relations and evolve in accordance with their dynamic development. The direction of the reform of commercial law norms is subject to multiple researchers’ perceptions of the order of values of commercial relations. Commercial relations should be a type of private relation between an ongoing business of capital aggregation and other equal actors through the exchange of values for profit. The transformation of commercial law has led to the incorporation of commercial relations into the genus of private law relations and to their regulation by commercial law.