51份裸大麦种质资源农艺性状分析

Analysis of the Agronomic Traits of 51 Accessions of Hulless Barley Germplasm

本文分析51份江苏及国内外引进的裸大麦种质资源的农艺性状表现,研究不同裸大麦种质在江苏沿江地区的丰产性和适应性,为江苏地区裸大麦品种的选择及选育提供参考。对51份种质资源的7个质量性状和9个数量性状进行考察测定,并运用相关性分析、主成分分析及聚类分析等统计方法对16个性状进行遗传多样性分析。不同裸大麦种质资源的单株穗数、单株产量、穗长、千粒质量、穗下节间长5个性状的变异系数较大,分别为29.96%、27.23%、18.39%、18.10%和16.74%;16个性状的平均遗传多样性指数为1.46,其中抽穗期、单株穗数、株高、穗长、穗下节间长、单株产量、千粒质量及结实率8个数量性状的遗传多样性指数均>1.8,表明51份裸大麦种质资源遗传多样性丰富。相关性分析表明,裸大麦穗粒数与抽穗期、穗下节间长、单株产量呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.01),千粒质量与穗长及结实率、单株穗数与结实率、抽穗期与穗下节间长及每穗粒数呈极显著正相关关系,抽穗期与结实率、单株穗数与每穗粒数、每穗粒数与千粒质量及结实率呈极显著负相关关系(P<0.01)。主成分分析选取了前3个主成分,其主要与每穗粒数、抽穗期、穗下节间长、株高、单株产量、单株穗数相关,方差累计贡献率为71.31%。

The current research was aimed to investigate the yielding capacity of hulless barley varieties and their adaptability to the area along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province,which will provide a reference for the selection and breeding of hulless barley varieties in Jiangsu Province.A field trial was carried out to evaluate the agronomic traits of 51 accessions of hulless barley germplasm originating from Jiangsu Province,Tibet Autonomous Region in China and other countries.We investigated and measured a total of 16 agronomic traits in these accessions;and analyzed their genetic diversity by means of multivariate statistical methods such as correlation coefficient analysis,clustering analysis,and principal component analysis.Five of the 16 traits,namely spike number per plant,yield per plant,spike length,1000-kernel weight,and internode length below spike had larger variation coefficients among the51 accessions,which were 29.96%,27.23%,18.39%,18.10%and 16.74%,respectively.The 16 traits had the average genetic diversity index of 1.46;among them,eight quantitative traits had the genetic diversity index greater than 1.8,which consisted of heading date,spike number per plant,plant height,spike length,internode length below spike,yield per plant,1000-kernel weight,and setting rate.The results showed that the 51 accessions of hulless barley germplasm have abundant genetic diversity.Correlation analysis results showed that the correlations among multiple characters of hulless barley reached a very significant level(P<0.01).We selected the first three principal components from the principal component analysis,whose cumulative contribution rate of variance reached 71.31%.The results showed that kernel number per spike,heading date,internode length below spike,plant height,yield per plant,and spike number per plant were the main contributing factors for the differences among different hulless barley germplasm.In conclusion,the51 accessions of hulless barley germplasm have rich genetic diversity.By conducting a comprehensive evaluation of the agronomic traits of these accessions,this study is conducive to identifying hulless barley germplasm with fine traits,so as to lay a foundation for the selection and genetic improvement of hulless barley varieties in Jiangsu Province.