Cr(Ⅵ)去除用功能化纤维素纳米材料的结构设计研究进展

Progress in structural design of functionalized cellulose nanomaterials for Cr(Ⅵ) removal

以Cr(Ⅵ)为代表的重金属离子是一类常见的水体污染物,它具有微量剧毒、难以降解、迁移性强和易在生物体内累积等特点,可对生态系统和人体健康造成严重的危害。纤维素纳米材料(cellulose nanomaterials,CNM)是地球上储量最丰富的一种纤维素衍生物,具有环境友好、生物相容性高和原料来源丰富等优势,其作为绿色经济的重金属离子吸附材料对促进社会可持续性发展和水污染治理具有重要意义。然而纤维素纳米材料对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附性能差,需对其进行化学改性和组装以提升其对Cr(Ⅵ)的去除效率。本综述系统地介绍和总结了Cr(Ⅵ)去除用CNM的化学改性策略及其几何结构设计的研究进展,并对目前研究中存在的问题进行总结,对未来的发展趋势进行展望。本综述对高效吸附剂的结构设计具有参考价值。

As a typical kind of heavy metal ions, Cr(Ⅵ) seriously threatens the eco-system and human health due to its high toxicity, non-degradability, high mobility and bio-accumulation characteristics. As a derivative of cellulose, cellulose nanomaterials(CNM) is the most abundant natural material on earth,which is eco-friendly, highly biocompatible and rich raw material sources. Thus, the use of CNMs as heavy metal ion adsorbents for water treatment is of great significance to promote the sustainability of the society. However, pristine CNM exhibits poor affinity towards Cr(Ⅵ), so it is desirable to perform chemical modification and macroscopic geometry structure design for CNM to improve its removal efficiency towards Cr species. This review systematically introduces and summarizes the recent advances on the functionalization and macroscopic structure design strategies of CNM, covers the problems existing in the current field and provides an insight for the future development of CNM-based adsorbents on Cr(Ⅵ)removal application. The review is valuable for the structural design of high-performance adsorbents.