参与式公民培育导向的英国学校公民教育实践模式研究

Study on the Participatory Civic Cultivation-oriented Model of Civic Education in British Schools

英国公民理念与教育实践旨在培养学生超越个人利益进行批判性思考的能力和自发参与的意识,强调学生通过参与社会、承担社会责任成为参与式积极公民。围绕这一公民教育目标,英国政府发起一系列连贯的、延伸到成年生活的积极公民实践项目,将学校公民教育与更广泛的社区参与联系起来,在实践参与中培养学生的公民素养。英国学校公民教育实践模式呈现出一些独特的特点:政府主导开展公民实践顶层设计;以公民赋权推动社会团结;基于学生真实生活情境设计实践项目;注重校内外组织的协同等。

British citizenship concept and educational practice aim to cultivate students'ability to think critically beyond their personal interests and their sense of spontaneous participation,emphasizing that students become participatory and active citizens by participating in society and assuming social responsibilities.Around this goal of civic education,the British government has launched a series of coherent and active civic practice projects that extend to adult life,linking school civic education with broader community participation to cultivate students'civic literacy in practical participation.The practice model of civic education in British schools shows some unique characteristics:the government leads the top-level design of civic practice;promotes social unity with citizen empowerment;designing practice projects based on students'real-life situations;and focusing on the coordination of organizations inside and outside the school.