不同栽培模式对西梅抗寒性的影响

Effects of different cultivation patterns on cold resistance of Prunus domestica

以5个西梅(Prunus domestica L.)良种为研究对象,通过开展种植密度和水肥一体化试验、抗寒试验等,分析不同品种西梅的农艺性状及适应性。结果表明,女神西梅和法兰西在种植密度为5.0 m×2.5 m、合理水肥控制下,幼苗第一年需要3层保护越冬,第二年双层保护越冬,第三年无需保护即可安全越冬,且抗寒性表现良好;红西梅、蓝密西梅和新梅1号在种植密度为4.0 m×2.0 m、合理水肥控制下,第一年需要3层保护越冬,第二年双层保护越冬,第三年单层保护越冬。在合理配套的栽培技术下,5个西梅品种在新疆北疆地区均可以安全越冬,适宜在新疆北疆地区种植。

Five improved varieties of prune(Prunus domestica L.)were selected as the research objects,and the agronomic characters and adaptability of different varieties of prune were analyzed by the experiment of density,water and fertilizer integration and cold resistance.The results showed that,under the planting density of 5.0 m×2.5 m and reasonable control of water and fertilizer,Goddess prune and France prune needed three layers of protection in the first year,two layers of protection in the second year,and could safely overwinter without protection in the third year with good cold resistance.The planting density of Red prune,Blue prune and Xinmei No.1 were 4.0 m×2.0 m under reasonable control of water and fertilizer,three layers of protection for overwintering were required in the first year,two layers in the second year,and one layer in the third year.With the reasonable supporting cultivation techniques,five prune varieties could safely overwinter and were suitable for planting in northern Xinjiang.