基于生态优先的西南民族地区小城镇国土空间规划策略——以广西壮族自治区隆安县国土空间总体规划为例

Territorial Space Planning Strategy of Small Towns in Southwest Ethnic Areas Based on Ecological Priority:A Case Study of Long’an County,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

建立新的国土空间规划体系、实现“多规合一”是党中央推进生态文明建设的关键举措。为支撑新阶段高质量发展,如何构建国土空间高品质发展新格局成为国土空间规划关注的重点问题。以广西壮族自治区隆安县为研究对象,立足现状—战略—空间—布局的技术逻辑方法,从生态优先的视角,探索生态型小城镇落实高质量发展要求的国土空间规划策略。通过分析隆安县作为国家生态移民搬迁与城镇化融合发展的典范意义,识别隆安发展现阶段发展的背景与优势,提出从构筑生态本底保护、区域协同发展、生态产业构建及空间格局优化角度为隆安县筑牢生态底线、推进绿色转型发展提供国土空间规划方案支撑,实现国土空间保值增值。本文探讨生态格局引领小城镇高品质发展的规划策略,以期为我国西南民族地区小城镇绿色转型发展提供路径参考。

The establishment of a new land space planning system and the realization of“multiple planning in one”are the key measures to promote the construction of ecological civilization.In this context,the preparation of city and county land space planning is an important carrier for local implementation of ecological civilization construction.The county-level land space planning bears the important task of implementing the requirements of the county’s green ecological development,coordinating the spatial layout of ecological development,and exploring the development path.The concept of ecological priority emphasizes that we should closely focus on the implementation of the strategy of ecological civilization,put ecological protection at the top priority,unswervingly implement the development requirements of“green water and green mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains”,reflect the multiple requirements of speed and efficiency,quality and brand,further adjust and optimize the spatial layout of ecology,agriculture and cities,build the spatial development structure of cities and towns in a differentiated way,and improve the quality of cities and towns.Long’an County is a state-designated deep poverty county.After successfully achieving the task of poverty alleviation,ecological transformation and development has become the main line of the county’s work.By analyzing the current conditions and characteristics of Long’an,under the premise of adhering to the ecological priority and bottom line constraints,combing mountains and rivers to build an ecological background,identifying its own problems and advantages,studying and judging development opportunities and challenges,integrating the elements of regional cooperative development,making overall plans to delimit the three control lines of ecology,agriculture and towns,efficiently and reasonably allocating space resources,and constructing the overall pattern of protection and development are the logical main line of Long’an county-level land space planning.Long’an County is located in the karst mountain area of southwest Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,which is a typical mountain county.It is surrounded by mountains on both sides and flat land in the middle Youjiang River valley.The ecological environment is excellent.As a post-national development area in southwest China,based on the new development stage,implement the new development concept,take ecological priority and transformation demonstration as the strategic focus of the county’s socio-economic development,promote the preparation of the county’s territorial space planning,human-oriented allocation of space resources,strengthen the people-centered high-quality urban space supply,and promote the transformation and development of the county economy in the new era.The plan takes ecological space as the carrier to enable high-quality development of social economy,break the bottleneck of ecological transformation and green development in Long’an County,create new and higher value of the social and economic environment in Long’an County,and explore a new model of ecological transformation and development of small towns in southwest ethnic areas.From the perspective of the practice of territorial space planning in Long’an County,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,and guided by ecological priority,this paper explores the path of territorial space planning to implement the construction of ecological civilization,and provides territorial space program support for the local to build the ecological bottom line and lead the ecological transformation and development.By analyzing the exemplary significance of Long’an County as the integrated development of national ecological migration and urbanization,identify the background and advantages of the current development of Long’an County,adhere to the two bottom lines of ecology and development,and put forward spatial planning strategies from the perspective of building ecological protection background,regional coordinated development,construction of ecological industrial system and overall pattern of land space.Discuss how to maintain and increase the value of land space by optimizing the overall layout of land space development and protection and enabling high-quality development with ecological space,with a view to demonstrating and leading the socio-economic and ecological transformation and development of small towns in southwest China.Fully understand the“mountain valley”natural geographical environment of Long’an County characterized by mountains and rivers,the typical integrated development model of national ecological migration and urbanization,grasp the development connotation of the concept of ecological priority,and based on the profound understanding of the characteristics of the new development stage of Long’an,based on the ecological advantages and ecological development,from the ecological space optimization,ecological coordinated development from the perspective of the construction of ecological industry and the overall planning of spatial pattern,the planning strategy that is suitable for the priority development of ecology is proposed.Based on the ecological security pattern of the whole county,reshape the new human-land relationship,realize the coordination of factor allocation,spatial pattern and economic development,promote the sustainable development of society,economy and ecology,actively explore the path of land space ecological development in line with the actual situation of Long’an,and provide the first demonstration for the realization of spatial value-added and green transformation development of the underdeveloped mountainous eco-small towns.