明代上海日涉园平面复原与园林特征研究

Plan Restoration and Characteristics of Shanghai Rishe Garden in the Ming Dynasty

明代名匠佳园荟萃江南,上海私家园林也如雨后春笋般涌现。日涉园由张南阳参与造园,作为明代上海三大名园之一,具有极高的复原价值。通过对日涉园方志、园记、园诗和园图的搜集整理、对比分析,梳理了园林的历史沿革,确定了园址范围,得出主景旷达、次景幽邃的园林空间布局,进一步推导复原了平面图;并对其造园要素展开研究,且就叠山艺术与张南阳建造的另两座园林豫园、弇山园相比较,归纳出日涉园具有山石巍峨奇巧、水体聚散有致、花木野趣自然三方面的园林特征。

Excellent gardens and famous craftsmen in the Ming Dynasty gathered in the south of the Yangtze River,and private gardens in Shanghai had also mushroomed.Rishe Garden,which was built by Zhang Nanyang,as one of the three famous gardens in Shanghai in the Ming Dynasty,has high restoration value.In this paper,based on the collection,collation and comparative analysis of the relevant local chronicles,garden records,poems and maps of Rishe Garden,the historical evolution of the garden is sorted out,the scope of the site is determined,the general layout of the garden space with the broad main scenery and the deep secondary scenery is summarized,and the restoration plan is further deduced and improved.The paper also studies garden elements of Rishe Garden,and compares the art of stacking mountains with the other two gardens built by Zhang Nanyang,namely Yu Garden and Yanshan Garden.Based on the above,it is concluded that Rishe Garden has three main features:the originality of mountains and rocks,the convergence and separation of water bodies,and the wild and natural beauty of flowers and trees.