土地生态安全评价与经济发展耦合协调研究——以辽阳市为例

随着经济高速发展,探究经济发展与土地生态安全的耦合协调关系,有利于建设生态文明,协调经济发展。以辽阳市及各县区为例,选取土地生态安全及经济发展评估指标,构建耦合协调模型,剖析二者耦合协调度的时空演变特征及土地生态安全与影响经济进程各因素间的耦合协调情况。研究表明:辽阳市土地生态安全从较不安全等级上升到临界安全等级,指数均值整体呈现上升趋势,经济发展水平整体趋势向好,仅灯塔市出现经济发展逐年下降趋势。两系统耦合度均值呈明显的波动趋势,整体均达到中度耦合水平。相较于2016年,2019年高水平耦合等级占比增加,基本耦合等级占比减小,各县区中辽阳县整体耦合等级最高。两系统协调度均值起伏上升,始终处于基本协调等级。相较于2016年,2019年的中度协调等级覆盖区域有所增加,濒临失调区域有所降低,从经济发展领先型转变为土地生态安全领先型,灯塔市和辽阳县的整体耦合协调水平要好于市区。2016—2019年土地生态安全与经济发展各子系统耦合度及协调度均值排序为经济整体实力>人民生活>经济结构。在此期间,两系统为良性耦合。建立的研究思路和得出的结论可为辽阳市及其他地区协调经济发展提供决策依据及借鉴。

With the economy powering ahead,it is increasingly important to explore the coupling and coordination relationship between economic development and land ecological security,which can build ecological civilization and coordinate economic development.Take Liaoyang City and its counties as an example,the coupling coordination model was constructed by selecting the evaluation indexes of land ecological security and economic development,and the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of the coupling coordination degree of the two systems were analyzed,as well as the coupling coordination between land ecological security and various factors affecting the economic process. The results show that: The average value of the land ecological security index in Liaoyang City has shown an overall upward trend,rising from a relatively unsafe level to a critically safe level.The economy as a whole is thriving. Only the Dengta District has shown a downwardtrend in economic development year by year;The average value of the coupling degree of the two systems showed a clear fluctuation trend,and the overall coupling reached the level of moderate coupling. In 2019,compared with 2016,the proportion of high-level coupling grade increased,while that of basic coupling grade decreased. Liaoyang County had the highest overall coupling grade among all regions;The mean value of the coupling coordination degree of the two systems fluctuates upwards and is always at the basic coordination level. In 2019,compared with 2016,the coverage area of the moderate coordination level has increased,and the areas on the verge of imbalance have decreased and the leading type of economic development changed to the leading type of land ecological security,and the overall level of coupling and coordination in Dengta District and Liaoyang County better than urban;From 2016 to 2019,the order of the coupling degree and coordination degree of each sub-system of economic development and land ecological security is: overall economic strength>people’s life>economic structure. During this period,the two systems are well coupled.The established research ideas and results can provide reasonable decision-making basis and reference for the coordinated economic development of Liaoyang City and other areas.