肠道微生物群及其代谢产物在抗生素相关性肠炎中的作用

Effect of gut microbiota and its metabolites on antibiotic associated colitis

肠道微生物群和人体宿主共生,丰富多样的肠道微生物群及其短链脂肪酸等代谢产物的变化影响着许多疾病的发生发展。抗生素相关性肠炎随着抗生素的广泛应用甚至滥用,其发病率也在逐渐升高,不同种类抗生素导致不同微生物菌种及其代谢产物的异常增殖,并影响着肠炎这一疾病的发病机制、病理生理、临床表现、辅助检查结果及其诊治方法。然而,抗生素相关性肠炎发生的具体机制尚不完全明确且尚存争议,临床上对其不重视,容易产生漏诊、误诊。近些年对一些菌种的个案报道逐渐增多,目前尚缺乏关于此方面的系统综述。因此,本文从肠道微生物群及其代谢产物的角度,着重阐述抗生素与肠道菌群的关系,探讨不同菌种所致抗生素相关性肠炎的发生机制,为此类疾病的诊疗提供一定的参考。

Gut microbiota coexists with human host. The changes of diverse gut microbiota and its metabolites such as short chain fatty acids affect the occurrence and development of many diseases. With the widespread use and abuse of antibiotics, the incidence rate of antibiotic associated colitis is gradually increasing. Different antibiotics lead to the different microscopics and their metabolites proliferate abnormally, and affect the pathogenesis, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, results of auxiliary examination and diagnosis and treatment of colitis. However, the mechanism of antibiotic associated colitis is controversial and not completely clear, moreover, clinical attentions are not paid to it, which are easy to miss diagnosis and misdiagnose. In recent years, more and more reports of some special species have been reported, which requires more attention, and there is still a lack of systematic reviews in this field. Therefore, from the perspective of gut microbiota and its metabolites, this paper focused on the relationship between antibiotics and gut microbiota, and discussed the pathogenesis of antibiotic associated colitis caused by different bacterias, so as to provide some reference for the diagnosis and treatment of this kind of disease.