同素逆序词“欢喜-喜欢”历时研究

The Diachronic Research and Discrimination of the Inverse Morphemes Words“Huanxi-Xihuan”

现代汉语中,“欢喜”和“喜欢”是一对同素逆序词,最早可追溯到两汉时期,二者构词语素完全相同,但语素的排列序位互逆。“欢喜”略早于“喜欢”出现,由近义单义词“欢”“喜”直接并联而成,“喜欢”的产生也与近义语素连用密切相关。二者作为同素逆序词意义相近、用法相似,沿用至今,但在历时演变过程中相互影响、相互制约,在现代汉语中形成分化。

In modern Chinese,“Huanxi”and“Xihuan”are a pair of inverse morphemes words,which can be traced back to the Han dynasty.They have the same formation morphemes,but the sequence of morphemes in order is opposite.“Huanxi”was formed by“Huan”and“Xi”directly in parallel,appearing a little earlier than“Xihuan”.Also,the generation of“Xihuan”was related to the combination of synonymous morphemes closely.As inverse morphemes words,they have similar meanings and usages,still in use up to now.However,they influence and restrict each other in the diachronic evolution,forming differentiation in modern Chinese.