双层规划模型下的机场航线网络优化设计

Optimal design of airport route network based on bi-level programming model

为解决传统航线网络设计将航空公司视为唯一决策者而忽略其它网络设计参与者对于航线网络设计方案的影响,基于机场视角建立上层模型以最大化机场旅客吞吐量为目标和下层模型以各航空公司航线网络设计总成本最小化为目标的双层规划模型。在上层模型中,要求在机场市场运营补贴限额下提供给下层航空公司若干市场补贴方案,并基于下层航空公司提供的市场运输方案,开展基于TOPSIS综合评价的运输方案选择;在下层模型中,要求若干个非严格多分配枢纽网络型航空公司提供给上层机场各市场运营补贴方案的运输方案。实例计算结果表明,与传统航线网络设计模型相比,双层规划模型得出的方案使机场旅客吞吐量明显提高,且设计出的补贴O-D对运输路线更加符合实际要求。

In order to solve the problem of traditional route network design, airlines are regarded as the sole decision maker, and the influence of other network design participants on the route network design scheme is ignored. Based on the airport perspective, a two-layer planning model is established in which the upper model is aimed at maximizing the passenger throughput of the airport, and the lower model is aimed at minimizing the total design cost of each airline’s route network. In the upper-level model, it is required to provide certain market subsidy schemes to lower-level airlines under the airport market operation subsidy limit, and to carry out the selection of transportation schemes based on the comprehensive evaluation of TOPSIS based on the market transportation schemes provided by the lower-level airlines;in the lower-level model, several non-strict multi-distribution hub network airlines are required to provide transportation programs for the subsidy programs operating in various markets at the upper-level airports. The calculation results of the example show that compared with the traditional airline network design model, the scheme obtained by the two-layer planning model resulted in a significant increase in airport passenger throughput and the designed subsidy O-D is more in line with the actual requirements of the transportation route.