木香薷挥发油对金黄葡萄球菌的抑制作用

The active ingredient of the essential oil of Elsholtzia stauntoni Benth and the effect on traumatic infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus

【目的】旨在开发天然植物木香薷植株的药用价值,为木香薷挥发油的抗菌机制研究及替抗产品的开发奠定基础。【方法】水蒸汽蒸馏法提取木香薷挥发油,气相色谱-质谱联用法分析木香薷挥发油的主要活性成分,琼脂扩散法检测其对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌效果;对金黄色葡萄球菌感染的小鼠伤口模型进行为期7 d的治疗,对伤口皮肤组织进行HE染色,评价其抗炎作用。【结果】从木香薷植株中提取木香薷挥发油的平均得率为0.146%,其主要活性成分分别为邻伞花烃、对伞花烃、苯乙酮、环己基乙酸、芳樟醇、萜品烯、β-石竹烯、α-石竹烯和石竹素等9种;木香薷挥发油对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌圈平均直径为0.992 cm;对小鼠伤口治疗,其愈合率达到95%,伤口皮肤组织呈现出较低的炎性细胞浸润、充血和水肿程度。【结论】木香薷挥发油主要由环己基乙酸、β-石竹烯及伞花烃等9种成分组成,对金黄色葡萄球菌引起的创口感染具有一定的抑菌抗炎作用。

[Objective]The research aimed to develop the medicinal value of Elsholtzia stauntoni and lay the foundation for the antibacterial mechanism of the essential oil of Elsholtzia stauntoni and the development of anti-biotic substitute products. [Method]The essential oil of Elsholtzia stauntoni was extracted by steam distillation, and the main active ingredient was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The antibacterial effect of essential oil were evaluated by agar diffusion method. The wound model of mice infected with Staphylococcus aureus was treated for 7 days, and the wound skin was stained with H-E to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of the essential oil of Elsholtzia stauntoni.[Result]The average yield of the essential oil of Elsholtzia stauntoni was 0.146%, and the main active ingredients were o-cymene, p-cymene, acetophenone, cyclohexylacetic acid, linalool, terpinene, β-caryophyllene, α-caryophyllene and caryophyllene oxide. The average diameter of the inhibitory zone of the volatile oil of Elsholtzia stauntoni against Staphylococcus aureus was 0.992 cm. The wound healing rate of the mice was 95%, and the wound skin tissue showed a low degree of inflammatory cell infiltration, congestion and edema. [Conclusion] The essential oil of Elsholtzia stauntoni was mainly composed of 9 components, including cyclohexylacetic acid, β-caryophyllene and cymene et al., which had certain antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects on wound infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus.