玉渊潭公园‘关山’樱叶片营养诊断

On nutritional diagnosis of Prunus serrulata ‘Sekiyama’ leaves in Yuyuantan Park

【目的】提高北京地区‘关山’樱(Prunus serrulata‘Sekiyama’)的营养与健康管理水平。【方法】以玉渊潭公园树龄10~20年‘关山’樱叶片为研究对象,采用营养诊断法和概率分级法对叶片营养元素进行诊断分析。【结果】花芽分化期‘关山’樱健康组和非健康组叶片营养元素含量差异显著,非健康组N、P、Fe配比失衡,N、Fe元素含量及Fe/N、Fe/P比例关系存在明显差异。运用营养诊断施肥法得出‘关山’樱对N元素需求强烈,需肥顺序为N>P>K>Mn>Mg>Ca>Fe。应用概率分级法划分出‘关山’樱叶片营养含量适宜范围:N为11.38~12.34 g/kg;P为1.38~1.48 g/kg;K为7.00~7.48 g/kg;Ca为18.78~20.04 g/kg;Mg为3.33~3.76 g/kg;Fe为125.54~134.61 mg/kg;Mn为49.08~54.40 mg/kg。【结论】将营养诊断施肥法和概率分级法相结合,可为玉渊潭‘关山’樱在花芽分化阶段的营养诊断及施肥提供科学依据。

[Objective]The leaves of Prunus serrulata ‘Sekiyama’ in Yuyuantan Park were selected as the research materials, the health grade of 9 representative plots was investigated and quantified into different groups. [Methods]Nutritional diagnostic fertilization and probability classification method were used to diagnose the leaf nutritional elements of Prunus serrulata ‘Sekiyama’ with the age of 10-20 years, in order to provide reference for nutritional management and rational fertilization of Prunus serrulata ‘Sekiyama’ in Beijing. [Results]During bud differentiation stage, nutritional elements of leaves in Prunus serrulata ‘Sekiyama’ between unhealthy group and healthy group were significantly different. The proportion of Fe/P and Fe/N was unbalanced, and the relationship between the content of N and Fe elements and the proportion of Fe/N and Fe/P in unhealthy group was significant. According to nutritional diagnostic fertilization method, the results showed that demand of N element for Prunus serrulata ‘Sekiyama’, is required strongly in Yuyuantan Park and the order of fertilizer demand is N > P > K > Mn > Mg > Ca > Fe. The optimal range of nutrient content in leaves of Prunus serrulata ‘Sekiyama’ was divided by probability classification method: N, 11.38-12.34 g/kg;P, 1.38-1.48 g/kg;K, 7.00-7.48 g/kg;Ca, 18.78-20.04 g/kg;Mg, 3.33-3.76 g/kg;Fe, 125.54-134.61 mg/kg;Mn, 49.08-54.40 mg/kg, and Fe content was too high in some sampling sites. [Conclusions]The combination of nutritional diagnostic fertilization method and probability classification method laid a certain foundation for the nutritional diagnosis and fertilization of Prunus serrulata ‘Sekiyama’ leaves at flower bud differentiation stage in Yuyuantan Park.