直面全球化问题:价值哲学的致思方式

Ethical Reflection on Globalization and Modernity Paradox from the Values Philosophy Perspective

全球化是源出于现代化运动的世界性结果,它把基于现代化运动之上的现代性问题变成了世界性的存在;现代化、现代性与全球化是源和流的关系,既不能完全等同也不能彻底分开。没有任何一个个体、集体、民族和国家可以摆脱全球化而独立自存,全球化自在而自为地成了关乎个体和人类根本命运的事情,它部分地实现了人们所期许的价值体系,也产生了意想不到的价值问题。从价值哲学的视野致思现代化、现代性与全球化之价值问题,就直接表现为对全球化问题的反思与批判,内在地蕴含着三个论题:对作为结果形态的全球化的价值反思,这就是代价问题,无论是出于故意还是出于善意,全球化在带给人类物质生活相对富足的同时,也把各种危险和风险抛给了人类;对作为前提和过程形态的全球化的价值批判,这就是正义问题,一方面是由现代化运动自身所造成的劳动正义、数字正义和算法正义问题,另一方面是由西方和美国等先发国家以强势心理和优势科技对后发国家造成的非正义;对全球化之终极意义的价值追问,这就是意义问题,全球化所带来的各种矛盾与冲突、各种危险与风险,与其所追求的终极之意义的隐匿和迷失紧密相连,而中国式现代化新道路把人类的终极之善置于推动现代化运动的终极目的之上,能为朝向终极之善的全球化贡献中国智慧和经验。以此可以说,反思全球化问题的理论旨趣不仅在于对全球化进行有坚实的内在根据和充分的外在理由的辩护与批判,而且是要寻找摆脱困境的现实道路,并由此开显中国式现代化的中国价值和世界意义。

Globalization has transformed the problem of modernity based on the modernization movement into a worldwide existence.There is no individual,collective,nation or state that can survive and sustain independently from globalization.Globalization partially realizes the value system expected by people,but also produces unexpected value problems.Being implicit in this way of thinking is a reflection on the value of globalization in the form of consequence,that is,the question of cost.Whether on purpose or in good will,globalization has not only brought relative material prosperity to human beings,but also thrown various dangers and risks on human beings.A value critique of globalization as precondition and process is about the question of justice;on the one hand,it is about the problems of labor justice,digital justice and algorithmic justice caused by the modernization movement itself,on the other hand,it is about the injustice caused by restrictions the advanced countries bring to the late-developing countries with their dominant psychology and superior technology.A value questioning about the ultimate meaning of globalization is about the matter of meaning.The various dangers and risks produced by globalization are closely related to the concealment and loss of the ultimate meaning it pursues,and the new path of Chinese-style modernization can contribute Chinese wisdom to globalization towards the ultimate good.