球囊扩张训练式护理结合CSSET指导下的直接摄食训练对开颅手术后吞咽功能障碍患者进食情况及营养状态的影响

Effects of balloon dilatation training nursing combined with direct feeding training under the guidance of CSSET on eating condition and nutritional status of patients with swallowing dysphagia after craniotomy

目的探讨球囊扩张训练式护理结合中国人吞咽安全有效性测试(CSSET)指导下的直接摄食训练在开颅手术后吞咽功能障碍患者中的应用效果。方法选取我院收治的68例开颅手术后吞咽功能障碍患者,以随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,各34例。对照组采用常规护理干预,观察组在常规护理基础上采用球囊扩张训练式护理结合CSSET指导下的直接摄食训练干预。比较两组的干预效果。结果干预1个月后,观察组的进食意愿、进食时间、食物选择评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预1个月后,观察组的前白蛋白(PA)、血红蛋白(Hb)水平均高于对照组(P<0.05)。出院前1 d,观察组的标准吞咽功能评定量表(SSA)、洼田饮水试验评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论球囊扩张训练式护理结合CSSET指导下的直接摄食训练在开颅手术后吞咽功能障碍患者中的应用效果显著,有助于改善其进食情况和营养状态,提高吞咽功能。

Objective To explore the application effect of balloon dilatation training nursing combined with direct feeding training under the guidance of Chinese swallowing safety and effectiveness test(CSSET) in patients with swallowing dysphagia after craniotomy. Methods A total of 68 patients with swallowing dysphagia after craniotomy admitted in our hospital were selected and divided into control group and observation group by random number table method, with 34 cases in each group. The control group was given routine nursing intervention, and the observation group was given balloon dilatation training nursing combined with direct feeding training under the guidance of CSSET intervention on the basis of routine nursing. The intervention effects of the two groups were compared. Results After 1 month of intervention, the scores of eating willingness, eating time and food selection in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). After 1 month of intervention, the levels of prealbumin(PA), hemoglobin(Hb) in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P <0.05). One day before discharge, the scores of Standardized Swallowing Assessment(SSA), water swallow test in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P <0.05).Conclusion Balloon dilation training nursing combined with direct feeding training under the guidance of CSSET has a significant application effect on patients with swallowing dysfunction after craniotomy, it is helpful to improve their eating condition and nutritional status, improve swallowing function.