应用型人才核心能力发展新视野

A New Vision for the Development of Core Competence of Applied Talents

实现教育理想始终要回归到落实“立德树人”根本任务的轨道上,以大学生需要的能力素养为导向培养的通识教育,本质上其实就是对“人”的教育。文章依托管理学中的“扎根理论”,发起“三层次四维度”的田野调查,对筛选调查的样本进行比较分析,再抽取典型案例进行深度参与式访谈,精准描绘出应用型大学在创建一流的过程中所亟待培养出的“群体画像”。在此基础上抽取理论点,给出环境嵌入——建立扎根于中国国情和地方发展的通识教育基础;专业嵌入——构建通专融合和交叉融合的培养机制;实践嵌入——实施“元宇宙”和实地调研的交叉模式;个性化嵌入——明确“智慧生活”的主导能力这四个新的逻辑思考与理论建构。

The only way to realize the ideal of education is to accomplish the fundamental task of "talent and morality cultivation".General education takes the abilities required by college students as the guidance to train talents,and its essence is actually the education of "people".In this paper,management and pedagogy are intersected,and the "grounded theory" in management is used for research.We launched a "three levels and four dimensions" field survey,conducted a comparative analysis of the samples of the screening survey,and then selected typical cases for in-depth participatory interviews,thus accurately drawing the "group portrait" that an application-oriented university needs to cultivate in the process of building a first-class university.On this basis,we extracted theoretical viewpoints and finally offered four items of new logical thinking and theoretical construction,that is,environmental embedding:establishing a general education foundation rooted in China’s national conditions and local development;professional embedding:building a mechanism combining general education and professional education;practice embedding:the mode of integration of virtual practice and actual practice;personalized embedding:cultivating talents with intelligent life competence as the leading ability.