骨增量技术在口腔正畸领域的研究进展

Research progress on bone augmentation technique in orthodontics

正畸患者常常表现出牙槽骨量不足,这会增大正畸过程中骨开窗、骨开裂及牙根吸收等并发症的风险。因此,口腔医生应充分评估患者的牙槽骨状况,及时制定和实施骨增量方案。目前,牙周加速成骨正畸、引导性骨再生以及位点保存术等技术已经用于正畸患者的牙槽骨增量。通过制定和实施合理的骨增量方案,能够减少正畸治疗的并发症,增大牙移动范围,拓宽正畸治疗的适应证,提高矫治效果的稳定性。本文就牙槽骨增量技术的机制、适应证、时机、骨增量效果和并发症作一综述。

Orthodontic patients often exhibit insufficient alveolar bone volumes, such as dehiscence, fenestration, and root resorption, which will increase the risk of complications during orthodontic treatment. Therefore, dentists should adequately evaluate the alveolar bone of patients to formulate and implement bone augmentation plans in time. At present,periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics, guided bone regeneration, and site preservation techniques have been used for the alveolar bone augmentation of orthodontic patients. Moreover, the development and implementation of a reasonable bone augmentation program can reduce the complications of orthodontic treatment, increase the range of tooth movement, broaden the indications of orthodontic treatment, and improve the stability of the orthodontic effect. Therefore, this review summarizes the mechanism, indications, timing, effects, and complications of alveolar bone augmentation techniques.