面向航天回收装备的大变形柔性传感器研究与应用(一)——曲率传感器

Research and Application of Sensors with Great Flexibility and Deformability for Aerospace Recycling Equipment(1)——Curvature Sensor

以降落伞和着陆缓冲气囊等为代表的部分航空航天装备具有柔性和大变形的特征,工作过程中可能在短时间内形状变化剧烈且不完全规则,这些装备能否正常运行决定着整个任务的成败,因此对其服役状态下应变、曲率、气动外形等参数进行实时监测至关重要。文章面向具有柔性和大变形特征的航天着陆装备,研究大变形柔性曲率传感器(简称曲率传感器)的设计和性能,该曲率传感器量程达到了0.17mm–1并在测量过程中保持了优异的线性度(拟合优度>0.999)。文章还进一步探索了传感器在航天着陆系统上的集成方案与示范应用,通过对缓冲着陆气囊不同特征点的曲率进行监测,有效地对其整体轮廓进行表征,准确记录装备的充气、漏气和冲击变形状态信息,对航空航天装备的结构设计优化与实时控制具有重要意义。

Some aerospace equipments, such as parachute and landing buffer airbag, etc., has characteristics of great flexibility and deformability. The shape of the equipment may change dramatically and incompletely regularly in a short time during the process of working. It is critical to monitor the key parameters of these equipment in service real-timely, such as strain, curvature and aerodynamic profile, since the normal operation of these equipment can determine the success or failure of the entire mission. For the space landing equipment with great flexibility and deformability, we reasearch the design and performance of flexible curvature sensor with great bending ability(referred to as curvature sensor), the measurement range of the sensor reaches 0.17mm–1and guarantees high linearity(goodness-of-fit >0.999) during the measurement. The integration scheme and demonstration application of sensors in space landing system are further explored. By monitoring the curvature of different characteristic points of the landing buffer airbag, the overall contour of the airbag can be characterized effectively, and the state information of inflation, leakage and impact deformation of the equipment can be accurately recorded, which is of great significance to the structural design optimization and real-time control of aerospace equipment.