试析博物馆学习单的功能——从博物馆学习的特性出发

An Analysis of the Functions of the Work Sheet in the Museum:From the Perspective of the Characteristics of Museum Learning

学习单作为馆校合作的工具被引入我国博物馆实践,其编写一直遵循学校教育的逻辑,无法有效促成博物馆学习的发生。本文根植于博物馆学习的实物性、空间性、自由选择性三大特性,通过剖析优秀案例,将博物馆语境下学习单的功能归纳为:阐释展品、深化参与、引导探索、整合资源四项,同时给出相应的编写策略并辅以案例佐证。博物馆学习单的编写应当以其功能的实现为导向,以是否真正促进博物馆学习为准绳不断提高内容质量。

Work sheet has been introduced into museum practice in China as a tool for museum-school collaboration, but their development has followed the logic of school education and has not been effective in enabling museum learning to take place. Based on the three main characteristics of museum learning:physicality, spatiality and free-choice environmental learning, this paper analyses the functions of work sheet in museum contexts and summarises them into four categories: explaining exhibits, deepening participation,guiding exploration and integrating resources, while providing corresponding strategies and supporting them with case studies. The development of museum learning sheets should be guided by the fulfilment of their functions, and the quality of the content should be constantly improved in terms of whether it truly promotes museum learning.