国家治理视域下我国健康养老服务体系的建构

Study on Constructing Chinese Health Care Service System from the Perspective of National Governance

目前,我国养老服务体系面临着人口深度老龄化以及与之密切相关的老年人健康养老服务需求难以有效满足的挑战。我国健康养老服务体系的建构正是实现“健康”与“养老”的有机整合与深度融合,解决目前养老服务体系与健康服务体系分割且碎片化,以及我国健康养老服务需求与养老服务供给失衡问题的必要举措。这不仅是新时代国家治理的题中之义和必然要求,也是对健康养老国家系统工程建设的科学回应。为此,应以老年人多层次的健康养老服务需求、健康养老服务的准公共属性、健康养老服务的公共选择为基本要素和治理路径依据,以社会正义为价值取向,通过国家工程实施健康养老服务体系的规划与建设;应构建一个以“基本健康养老服务+补充健康养老服务”为基本内容,以健康养老相融合、社区居家机构相协调、线上线下平台相整合为基本模式,以“政府主导、市场运作、社会参与、家庭支持、个人主动”相协同为基本格局的,覆盖全人群、全方位、全生命周期、全过程的健康养老服务体系;且应通过建立统一的健康养老服务制度、推动健康养老大部制改革、建立国家主导的健康养老服务经济保障制度、推进健康养老服务理念的国家建设、深化健康养老服务“智慧赋能”国家工程等,来优化其构建路径。

At present, the pension service system in our country is facing the double challenge of population depth aging and the elderly health care service demand can not be effectively satisfied.Therefore, the construction of Chinese health care service system is a necessary measure to realize the organic integration and deep integration of “health” and “pension”,and to solve the segmentation and fragmentation of the current pension service system and health service system, as well as the imbalance between the demand and supply of health care service.The construction of health care service system in our country is not only the topic and necessary request of the new era of national governance, but also a scientific response to the construction of the health care national system engineering.Therefore, this paper argues that the multi-level needs of health care service for the elderly, the quasi-public attributes of health care service and the public choice of health care service should be taken as the basic elements and the basis of governance path, and the value orientation of social justice should be taken as the value orientation to implement the planning and construction of health care service system through the national project.Build a comprehensive, whole-life, whole-process health care service system that covers the entire population with “basic health care services+supplementary health care services” as the basic content, integration of health care and elderly care, coordination of home care, community care and institutional care, integration of online and offline platforms as the basic model, and coordination of “government leading, market operation, social participation, family support and individual initiative” as the basic pattern.In addition, we should optimize the realization path by establishing a unified health care service system, promoting the reform of the health care service department, establishing a state-led health care service economic security system, promoting the national construction of the health care service concept, and deepening the the development of “wisdom enabling” health care service national project.