基于GC-MS对顶空固相萃取法和微波辅助法获得的花椒挥发油香气成分分析

Analysis of Aroma Components in Volatile Oil from Zanthoxylum bungeanum by Headspace Solid Phase Extraction and Microwave-Assisted Method Based on GC-MS

花椒挥发油具有很强的挥发性,是一种非常具有开发价值的资源,近些年来,采用微波辅助法提取植物精油的相关研究越来越多,但针对花椒植物挥发油的研究相对有限。为了加快花椒挥发油的提取效率,该研究基于此,通过采用单因素试验和正交试验,对微波辅助法提取花椒挥发油的工艺进行优化,研究结果表明,微波辅助法提取花椒挥发油的最佳工艺为微波功率400 W、提取时间80 min、提取温度100℃。此时,花椒挥发油的提取率为2.24%。此外,采用GC-MS法对不同的花椒挥发油提取法的化学成分进行分析,结果表明,顶空固相萃取法提取的花椒中的挥发性物质一共检测到20种化学成分物质,而SFME法提取的花椒中的挥发性物质一共检测到13种化学成分物质,说明采用顶空固相萃取法提取获得的花椒挥发油中化学成分更多。

The volatile oil from Zanthoxylum bungeanum is highly volatile.It is a kind of resource with great development value.In recent years,there are more and more researches on the extraction of plant essential oil by microwave-assisted method,but the research on the volatile oil from Zanthoxylum bungeanum is relatively limited.In order to improve the extraction efficiency of volatile oil from Zanthoxylum bungeanum,in this study,the extraction process of volatile oil from Zanthoxylum bungeanum by microwave-assisted method is optimized through single factor test and orthogonal test.The results show that the optimal extraction process of volatile oil from Zanthoxylum bungeanum by microwave-assisted method is as follows:microwave power is 400 W,extraction time is 80 min,and extraction temperature is 100℃.At this time,the extraction rate of volatile oil from Zanthoxylum bungeanum is 2.24%.In addition,GC-MS method is used to analyze the chemical components in volatile oils from Zanthoxylum bungeanum by different extraction methods.The results show that a total of 20 chemical components are detected in the volatiles from Zanthoxylum bungeanum extracted by headspace solid-phase extraction,while a total of 13 chemical components are detected in the volatiles from Zanthoxylum bungeanum extracted by SFME method,indicating that there are more chemical components in the volatile oil from Zanthoxylum bungeanum extracted by headspace solid phase extraction.