量子计算在经济与金融领域中的应用

Applications of Quantum Computing to Economics and Finance

近年来量子计算快速发展,以其运算速度远超超级计算机而著称,受到社会各界的广泛关注,并在经济与金融领域产生了重要影响。本文就量子计算的发展现状、基本原理及其在经济与金融领域的应用进行系统梳理。本文发现,量子计算的高效率能有效提升经济预测效果、改进期权定价、优化投资组合的选择、改善商业银行的信用评分与风控模型,但也会对数字货币带来一定的安全隐患。在此基础上,本文深入分析了量子计算优化经济与金融运行的内在机理,并探讨了量子计算威胁经济与金融发展的潜在机制。最后,本文总结讨论了量子计算促进经济与金融发展的方向以及未来量子计算技术发展和应用存在的潜在挑战。

In recent years, quantum computing, the speed of which far exceeds supercomputers, has been developed rapidly. Quantum computing has attracted wide attention in the society, and has exerted an important influence on economics and finance. This paper makes a systematic review of the development status, basic principles and applications of quantum computing in the economic and financial fields. It finds that the high efficiency of quantum computing can effectively improve the performance of economic forecasting, option pricing and portfolio selection, and can greatly improve the credit score and risk control model of commercial banks. However, it may bring certain security risks to digital currency. The paper further analyzes the mechanisms of quantum computing to optimize economic and financial operations, and discusses the potential channels through which quantum computing threatens economic and financial development. Finally, it summarizes and discusses the direction of quantum computing to promote the economic and financial development, and the future potential challenges in the development and application of quantum computing technology.