中国古典皇家园林颐和园的建筑景观风格

Architectural Landscape Style of a Classical Chinese Royal Garden of the Summer Palace

颐和园是中国清朝时期皇家园林,前身为清漪园,坐落在北京西郊,距城区15公里,全园占地3.009平方公里(其中颐和园世界文化遗产区面积是2.97平方公里),水面约占四分之三。与圆明园毗邻。它是以昆明湖、万寿山为基址,以杭州西湖为蓝本,汲取江南园林的设计手法而建成的一座大型山水园林,也是保存最完整的一座皇家行宫御苑,被誉为“皇家园林博物馆”。1860年在战火中严重损毁,1886年在原址上重新进行了修缮.其亭台、长廊、殿堂、庙宇和小桥等人工景观与自然山峦和开阔的湖面相互和谐、艺术地融为一体,颐和园整个园林艺术构思巧妙,在中外园林艺术史上地位显著,是举世罕见的园林艺术杰作。文章主要从颐和园的建筑景观风格进行了分析,让我们对中国历史文化瑰宝有个全新的认识,珍视历史,才能开辟未来,厚植文化,才能滋养国家。

The Summer Palace is a royal garden in the Qing Dynasty of China,formerly known as the Qingyi Garden.It is located in the western suburbs of Beijing,15 kilometers away from the urban area,covering an area of 3.009 square kilometers(including 2.97 square kilometers of the Summer Palace World Cultural Heritage Area),and the water surface accounts for about three quarters,which is adjacent to the Summer Palace.It is a large landscape garden built with Kunming Lake and Longevity Hill as the base sites,the West Lake of Hangzhou as the blueprint,and the design techniques of Jiangnan gardens.It is also the most complete preserved imperial palace and garden,known as the"Royal Garden Museum".It was seriously damaged in the war in 1860,and was repaired on the original site in 1886.Its artificial landscapes,such as pavilions,corridors,halls,temples and bridges,are in harmony with the natural mountains and the open lake,and are artistically integrated.The whole garden art of the Summer Palace is ingenious and has a prominent position in the history of Chinese and foreign garden art.It is a rare masterpiece of garden art in the world.The article mainly analyzes the architectural landscape style of the Summer Palace,so that we can have a new understanding of Chinese historical and cultural treasures.Only by cherishing history can we open up the future,cultivate culture and nourish the country.