合肥市医学院校女教师生育意愿的现状及其影响因素分析

Analysis of status quo and influencing factors of female teachers’ fertility desire in medical colleges in Hefei City

目的 调查医学院校女教师生育意愿的现状并分析其影响因素。方法 2021年采用便利抽样的方法选取合肥市357名医学院校的女教师为调查对象,发放网络问卷收集资料,调查工具为一般情况调查表、自编生育意愿问卷。采用t检验和χ~2检验进行单因素分析,采用多元线性回归进行影响因素分析。结果 医学院校女教师生育意愿的得分为(21.65±5.66)分;单因素分析结果显示,不同年龄(t=9.699,P<0.001)、工龄(t=5.304,P=0.005)、学位(t=7.924,P<0.001)、理想子女数(t=31.075,P<0.001)的医学院校女教师生育意愿的得分差异有统计学意义;多因素分析显示,年龄和理想子女数量对医学院校女教师生育意愿有影响(OR=-0.312~0.042、4.161~6.126,P=0.014、<0.001)。结论 医学院校女教师的生育意愿处于中等水平,年龄越大、理想子女数量越少的女教师其生育意愿越低。因此,应优化社会资源、完善照顾体系并采取有针对性的干预措施来提高医学院校女教师的生育积极性。

ObjectiveTo investigate the present situation of the childbearing desire of female teachers in medical colleges and analyze its influencing factors.MethodsIn 2021,357 female teachers from medical colleges and universities in Hefei City were selected by the convenient sampling method,and online questionnaires were distributed to collect data.By using a t-test and χ2,the single factor analysis was conducted,and multiple linear regression was used for the analysis of influencing factors.ResultsThe average score of fertility intention of female teachers in medical colleges was(21.65 ± 5.66).The results of the univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the scores of female teachers’ childbearing intentions at different ages(t = 9.699,P < 0.001),length of service(t = 5.304,P = 0.005),degrees(t =7.924,P < 0.001),and the number of ideal children(t = 31.075,P < 0.001).The multivariate analysis showed that age and the number of ideal children had an impact on the fertility intention of female teachers in medical colleges(OR =-0.312-0.042,4.161-6.126,P = 0.014,<0.001).ConclusionsThe childbearing desire of female teachers in medical colleges is at the middle level,and the older the age is,the lower the number of ideal children is.Therefore,we should optimize social resources,improve the care system,and take targeted interventions to improve the enthusiasm of female teachers in medical colleges.