蒋介石与1924年广东省长政潮

Chiang Kai-shek and the struggle Around the Governor of Guangdong Province in 1924

1923年底,为解决广东省政困局,甫从苏联返回国内的蒋介石向孙中山建言由资历深厚的川籍国民党人杨庶堪出任省长,这一建议在1924年国民党一大闭幕前夕得以实现。在得到实力派谭延闿的支持后,孙中山同意任命杨庶堪出任广东省长以推动财政统一,但杨氏的就职问题却引发了大本营内部的政治纷争。杨氏以外省人身份长粤,打破了长期以来“粤人治粤”的传统,受到了党内“元老派”胡汉民等人的抵制,蒋介石更是从杨氏的支持者转变为“倒杨”的急先锋,并直接促成杨氏的下台。杨庶堪的就职与离任既是1923年以来国民党内各派系势力互动博弈的结果,同时也是国共合作后新旧势力消长变化的历史缩影。

At the end of 1923, in order to solve the political dilemma of Guangdong province, Chiang Kai-shek, who had just returned from the Soviet Union, suggested Sun Yat-sen appoint the wellexperienced Sichuan Kuomintang member Yang Shukan as the governor. After receiving the support of the powerful Tan Yanxian, Sun agreed to appoint Yang Shukan as governor of Guangdong province, but the issue of Yang’s inauguration sparked a political dispute within the Kuomintang.Yang’s status as a stranger in Guangdong broke the long-standing tradition of "Guangdong ruled by Cantonese" and was resisted by the party’s "patriarchal faction" such as Hu Hanmin. Even Chiang Kai-shek changed from a Yang supporter to an opponent. The inauguration and departure of Yang Shukan was not only the result of the interaction of various forces within the Kuomintang since 1923,but also a historical microcosm of the change of old and new forces after the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China.