腺病毒载体疫苗研究进展

Research progress on adenovirus vector vaccines

腺病毒不整合到宿主基因组、具有极低的插入突变风险,因此腺病毒载体广泛用作基因治疗载体。此外,腺病毒载体诱导机体产生免疫应答,有较高的热稳定性,使其成为极具潜力的疫苗载体。2019年新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)的暴发使人们更加关注腺病毒载体疫苗的应用。接种疫苗仍是预防、控制包括COVID-19在内传染病最经济有效的手段,目前已开发出多种基于腺病毒载体的疫苗。本文综述了腺病毒载体基本性质、免疫机制、临床应用以及研发进展。

Adenovirus(Ad) vectors have been widely used as gene delivery vehicles in gene therapy studies since Ad does not integrate into the host genome, thus the risk of insertion mutation is very low.Ad vectors induce immune responses and have relatively high thermal stability, which make them potential vaccine vectors.The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) has drawn more attention to the application of Ad vector vaccines.Vaccination is still the most economical and effective means to prevent and control infectious diseases, including COVID-19, and a variety of Ad vector vaccines have been developed.In this review, we describe the basic characteristics, immune mechanism, clinical application and research progress of Ad vectors.