民族交往与共同性生成——考察民国时期“旅内”边疆学生的一个维度

Ethnic Communication and the Generation of Commonality: Investigate on a Dimension of the Ethnic Students “Studying in Hinterland” during the Republic of China Period

有鉴于国民教育具有增进边疆民族的国家认同、“团结内部”和“抵御外侮”的重要意义,民国历届中央政府均将“鼓励边疆学生赴内地求学”作为统合边疆民族的基础性工程,并在政策激励、制度保障方面积极探索,努力推行。从具体实践看,无论是在校内还是在校外,边疆学生的族际交往呈常态化,他们对内地社会的认知,多数经历了一个“因观摩而了解”“因了解而团结”的过程,这对于来自边疆地区的青年学生与生活在内地的人群间建立更密切的联系、促进民族间交往交流交融能够起到重要桥梁作用。尤应指出的是,一些边疆学生通过在内地的学习、交往与交流,对历史上的“华夷关系”和所面对的民族关系有较为清晰的认知,致力于表达民族间的共同性,认同中华民族的一体性。

Considering the national education boasts the significance in enhancing national identity among borderland ethnic groups, “internal unity” and “resistance against foreign aggression”, the central government of the Republic of China continued to “encourage borderland students to study in the hinterland are” as the basic projects for unifying borderland ethnic groups, and actively explore efforts to promote policy incentives and system guarantee. From the detailed practices, both inside and outside the school, ethnic exchanges of borderland students demonstrated to normalized, and their cognition of the hinterland society, most have experienced a process of “seeing and understanding”, “understanding and uniting together”. This can play an important role in establishing closer ties between the young students living in the border areas and the people living in the hinterland area, and promoting the communication and integration among different ethnic groups.It should be pointed out that some borderland students, through studying in hinterland China, communication and exchanges, could form up clear understanding of the “relationship between Chinese Han and ethnic groups in borderland”in history, thus devote themselves to expressing the commonality among ethnic groups and acknowledge with the unity of the Chinese nation.