中国式现代化与我们的使命担当——对地理学、人文与经济地理学自主知识创新的讨论

Chinese Modernization and Our Mission:Discussion on Self-dependent Knowledge Innovation of Geography,Human and Economic Geography

中国地理学,特别是中国人文与经济地理学形成了具有鲜明特色的学科发展体系。党的二十大报告提出实现中国式现代化的历史使命。立足于地理学的学科定位和发展走向,着眼于经济地理学面向社会发展的现实需求,是正确理解和建构中国经济地理学自主知识创新体系的重要前提。首先,在讨论地理学发展战略、阐释地理过程和地理格局研究重点应从模拟和预判走向调控的基础上,文章认为:我国未来国土空间体系优化调控应成为地理学前沿命题。进而重点讨论了人文与经济地理学未来发展的5个创新方向,包括综合人文地理学将成为一个新的分支学科;人文地理学科中人口地理学的回归和振兴;做大做强政治、社会、文化地理学;重大生产力布局原理研究;国土空间体系优化的辅助决策方法论。中国地理学战略研究、国际代表性杂志和美国战略的主题词的比较表明:我国同美国战略的提法基本一致;美国战略研究同现实中国际发展前沿不相同;我国具有鲜明的研究特色且与目前现实发展的国际前沿有明显的差异性,创新地理学、人文与经济地理学自主知识具有现实基础和客观需求。其次,中国式现代化建设的使命任务与人文地理学发展规律在科学内涵、建设任务、发展路径和发展目标上高度契合。在科学内涵上,中国式现代化所强调的“人与自然和谐共生”现代化科学内涵同地理学人地关系和可持续发展的科学内涵具有高度的一致性;在建设任务上,党的二十大报告“战略”与“布局”热词与地理学的学科发展前沿和重点方向高度匹配;在发展路径上,党的二十大报告提出的“全过程人民民主”“坚持系统观念”与地理学研究和决策相结合、与地理学综合性和区域性的学科特点相契合;在发展目标上,中国式现代化建设需要解决的国家需求和关键问题与地理学发展的学科前沿和自主创新的目标高度统一。最后,以区域协调发展战略为例讨论了经济地理学和经济地理学者的使命担当,包括认识区域协调发展对推进中国式现代化建设意义的重要性;促进区域协调发展的关键是创新和健全区域协调发展机制;形成完整的促进区域协调发展的战略体系;优化重大生产力布局是区域协调发展的重要抓手;优化国土空间体系的难点是如何促进我国重点生态功能区充分发展。

Chinese geography,especially Chinese human and economic geography,has formed a discipline development system with distinctive characteristics. The report of the 20th CPC National Congress proposed the historical mission of realizing Chinese modernization. Basing on the discipline orientation and development trend of geography and focusing on the practical needs of economic geography facing social development, it is an important premise to correctly understand and construct the self-dependent knowledge innovation system of Chinese economic geography. First, the optimization and regulation of China’s future territorial system should become the frontier proposition of geography on the basis of discussing the development strategy of geography and explaining that the research focus of geographical process and geographical pattern should move from simulation and prediction to regulation. Then,this paper focuses on five innovative directions for the future development of human and economic geography,including comprehensive human geography as a new branch discipline, the return and revitalization of population geography in human geography, the expansion and strengthening of political,social and cultural geography,the research on the principle of major productive force distribution,and the auxiliary decision-making methodology for the optimization of territorial system. By comparing the theme words of Chinese geographical strategic research,international representative magazines and American strategic,it is shown that the formulation of Chinese strategy is basically the same with that of the United States strategy,the strategic study of the United States is different from the international development frontier. In addition,it also shows that China has its distinctive research characteristics and is significantly different from the current international development frontier and that innovation of self-dependent knowledge of geography, human and economic geography has realistic basis and objective needs. Second, the mission and task of Chinese modernization construction are highly consistent with the development law of human geography in terms of scientific connotation, construction task, development path and development goal. In terms of scientific connotation,the modern scientific connotation of "harmony between humanity and nature" emphasized by Chinese modernization is highly consistent with the scientific connotation of the man-land relationship and the sustainable development in geography. In terms of construction tasks,the hot words of "strategy" and "layout" in the report of the 20th CPC National Congress are highly matched with the frontier and key direction of the discipline development of geography. In terms of the development path, the "developing whole-process people’s democracy" and "adhering to the systematic concept" proposed in the report are in line with the geography discipline characteristics of the combination of research and decision-making, comprehensiveness and regionality. In terms of development goals,the national needs and key issues that need to be addressed in Chinese modernization construction are highly unified with the frontier of geography discipline and the goal of self-dependent innovation. Finally,taking regional coordinated development strategy as an example,economic geography and economic geographers’ mission are discussed. It includes that understanding regional coordinated development is of great significance in promoting the Chinese modernization,that the key to promote regional coordinated development is to innovate and improve the mechanism,that a complete strategic system for promoting regional coordinated development has been formed, that optimizing the distribution of major productive forces is the key for regional coordinated development, and that the difficulty in optimizing the territorial system is how to promote the full development of China’s ecological security zones.