中国四类资源型城市韧性水平比较与发展策略

Comparison of Resilience Levels and Development Strategies of Four Types of Resource-Based Cities in China

文章综合城市经济-社会-生态-工程韧性4个维度构建资源型城市韧性指标体系,运用熵值法对2004-2020年中国114个资源型城市韧性水平进行测度,并进一步对四类资源型城市的区域差异特征与影响因素予以分析。结果表明:①中国四类资源型城市韧性的分维度指数具有相似分布,依次大小均为社会韧性、工程韧性、生态韧性、经济韧性。其中再生型城市各维度均值处于领先地位,衰退型和成长型城市相对靠后。成长、成熟、衰退、再生型城市的绝对差异均呈稳步下降趋势。②资源型城市韧性水平存在明显的区域差异且主要来源为区域间差异。就区域内差异来看,资源型城市的区域内差异呈现“成熟型再生型>衰退型>成长型”特征。就区域间差异来看,成长-再生型城市之间的区域间差异最大,成长-衰退型城市之间的区域间差异最小。③市场规模、科技投入、金融发展、产业结构以及环境规制均能显著影响中国资源型城市韧性水平,且作用强度存在异质性。

This paper synthesizes the four dimensions of urban economy resilience,society resilience,ecology resilience and engineering resilience to build the resilience index system of resource-based cities,uses entropy method to measure the resilience level of 114 resource-based cities in China from 2004 to 2020,and further analyzes the regional differences and influencing factors of the four types of resource-based cities.The results show that:1)The fractal indexes of the resilience of the four types of resource-based cities in China have similar distribution,with the order of social resilience,engineering resilience,ecological resilience and economic resilience.Among them,the average value of each dimension of regeneration-type cities is in the leading position,and the decline-type and growth-type cities are relatively behind.The absolute differences show a steady downward trend in order of growth-type,maturity-type,decline-type and regenerationtype cities.2)There are obvious regional differences in the resilience levels of four types of resource-based cities,and the main source is regional differences.In terms of intraregional differences,the intraregional differences of four types of resource-based cities are characterized by"mature-type>regeneration-type>decline-type>growth-type".In terms of interregional differences,the regional differences between growth-type and regeneration-type cities are the largest,and the interregional differences between growth-type and regeneration-type cities are the smallest.3)Market size,scientific and technological investment,financial development,industrial structure and environmental regulation can significantly affect the resilience level of resource-based cities in China,and the intensity of the effect is heterogeneous.