喷施坐果剂后温室甜樱桃坐果率和内源激素含量动态变化研究

Study on the Dynamic Change of Fruit Setting Rate and Endogenous Hormone Content of Sweet Cherry in Greenhouse by Spraying Fruit Setting Agent

【目的】研究从温室甜樱桃开花至果实硬核期多次喷施坐果药剂后的坐果率和果实中内源激素含量的变化,明确坐果药剂对温室甜樱桃产量和品质的影响,为农业生产喷施坐果药剂提供理论依据。【方法】以7年生温室甜樱桃‘美早’为材料,喷施坐果药剂测定其坐果率和果肉中内源激素赤霉素(GA3)、脱落酸(ABA)、吲哚乙酸(IAA)、玉米素核苷(ZR)含量的变化。【结果】坐果剂处理温室甜樱桃‘美早’坐果率明显高于对照,经过坐果药剂处理3遍后最终坐果率能够达到80.95%。坐果剂处理后,果肉内GA3含量在每次坐果剂处理后都有增加,然后再降低;坐果剂处理后温室甜樱桃‘美早’果肉ABA含量一直都非常低,所以用坐果剂处理甜樱桃落果很少,坐果率特别高。坐果剂促进IAA含量增加,促进果肉生长,增加果个头,增加果实质量,防止落果,提高坐果率。喷坐果剂促进ZR生成,提高ZR含量,使幼果快速生长,增大果个。【结论】温室甜樱桃喷施坐果药剂可提高坐果率,增加果个,提高果实产量和品质。

【Objective】To study the changes of fruit setting rate and endogenous hormone content of sweet cherry after multiple spraying of fruit setting agents from flowering to fruit core stage in greenhouse,and to clarify the effects of fruit setting agents on the yield and quality of sweet cherry in greenhouse,and to provide theoretical basis for agricultural production spraying fruit setting agents.【Methods】Using 7-year-old greenhouse sweet cherry‘Meizao’as the material,the fruit setting rate and the content changes of endogenous hormones GA3,ABA,IAA and ZR in the pulp were determined by spraying fruit setting agents.【Results】The fruit setting rate of greenhouse sweet cherry‘Meizao’treated with fruit setting agent was significantly higher than that of the control,and the final fruit setting rate could reach 80.95%after three times of treatment with fruit setting agent.GA3 content in pulp of fruit setting agent treatment increased after each fruit setting agent treatment,and then decreased.After fruit setting agent treatment,the ABA content in the flesh of greenhouse sweet cherry‘Meizao’has always been very low,so there is very little fruit drop with fruit setting agent treatment,and the fruit setting rate is particularly high.The fruit setting agent can increase IAA content,promote pulp growth,increase fruit size,increase fruit quality,prevent fruit falling,and improve fruit setting rate.Spraying fruit setting agent can promote the formation of ZR and increase the content of ZR.The reason for rapid growth of young fruit and increase of fruit number.【Conclusion】The greenhouse sweet cherry fruit setting medicament can improve the fruit setting rate,increase the number of fruits,and improve the fruit yield and quality.