莫里哀喜剧:自由的戏剧

Molière’s Comedies:A Theatre in Freedom

莫里哀的作品是法国国内被搬演最多的,在海外则堪与莎士比亚相媲美。他的成功来自他对喜剧所做的巨大贡献。莫里哀坚信喜剧优于悲剧,是一种要求严格的戏剧类型。而他在创作中则善于把不同艺术风格的文本融合在一起,尤其是将笑剧手段大量运用到喜剧之中。这不仅提升了喜剧的地位、丰富了喜剧的表现力,同时也为当代导演提供了自由的阐释空间。然而,莫里哀又是唯一的,即使在其故乡,真正继承并发扬了莫氏喜剧精神和创作艺术的当代喜剧家也很难见到。

Molière is the most performed French playwright both in France and abroad where he rivals Shakespeare.His success comes from his great contribution to comedy.Molière firmly believes that comedy is superior to tragedy and is a strict genre.He is good at integrating texts of different styles in his creation,especially applying means of farce to comedy,which not only improves the status of comedy and enhances its expressiveness,but also provides a rich space of interpretation for contemporary directors.However,Molière is unique:even in his own country,it is hard to find contemporary playwrights who have really inherited and carried forward Molière’s spirit of comedy and art of creation.