不同运动水平大学生视野范围及反应时差异性研究

Research on the Difference of Visual Field Range and Reaction Time of College Students with Different Sports Levels

为比较不同运动水平大学生之间运动视野和反应时的差异,对253名在校大学生双眼不同方位、不同颜色的视野范围进行研究,同时进行反应时检测。结果表明,与对照组社体专业学生相比:(1)排球专项学生左眼在0°、右眼在180°方向上红、绿和黄色视野范围均显著性增加;(2)棒球专项学生左、右眼在180°方向上,红、绿和黄色视野范围均显著性增加,且在270°方向上左眼绿色、右眼黄色视野范围呈显著性增加;(3)足球专项学生右眼在180°方向上,白、红、绿和黄色视野范围均显著性增加;(4)网球专项学生右眼在180°方向上,黄色视野范围显著性增加;(5)游泳专项学生的左右眼部分色彩视野范围有较大程度的减小;(6)各专项学生的简单反应时均无显著性差异,但排球和羽毛球专项学生的选择反应时显著下降。结论:视觉能力可以通过后天系统科学地训练得到改善,但并非任何运动项目均可以扩大视野范围,如专项运动训练(如棒球、排球、足球、网球等)可以扩大视野范围,而游泳专项训练一定程度上限制了视野范围。专项运动训练(如排球、羽毛球等)可以提升视觉反应能力。

In order to compare the differences of visual field of motion and reaction time between college students at different exercise levels, 253 college students were studied in different directions and colors of visual field of eyes, and reaction time detection was carried out Compared with the control group of students majoring in social sports, the results showed that:(1) The range of red, green and yellow visual fields of volleyball students’ left eye at 0° and right eye at 180° were significantly increased;(2) The red, green and yellow visual fields of baseball students’ left and right eyes increased significantly at 180°, and the green and yellow visual fields of their left and right eyes increased significantly at 270°;(3) In the 180° direction, the white, red, green and yellow visual fields of the right eye of the football students increased significantly;(4) The yellow visual field of tennis majors’ right eye increased significantly in the 180° direction;(5) The color field of vision of the left and right eyes of the students majoring in swimming decreased to a large extent;(6) There was no significant difference in the simple reaction time of the students, but the choice reaction time of the students majoring in volleyball and badminton decreased significantly.Conclusion: Visual ability can be improved through systematic and scientific training, but not all sports events can improve the scope of vision. For example, special sports training(such as baseball, volleyball, football,tennis, etc.) can expand the scope of vision, while swimming training has limited the scope of vision to a certain extent. Special sports training(such as volleyball, badminton, etc.) can improve visual reaction ability.