文史一体:在多维历史语境还原中打开文本解读之门

Integration of Literature and History:Text Interpretation in the Restoration of Multidimensional Historical Context

文本的历史性决定了文本解读需要在历史语境中进行。当前中学语文阅读教学的文本解读活动存在过度多元化解读文本内容、简单介绍作者历史背景和以宽泛的社会历史环境作为文本历史情境等认识误区。文本的历史语境不是单维度的,它是由文本自身的历史事实、创作者的历史认知和读者的历史建构共同构成的,是一个作品、作者、读者“三位一体”的多重存在。唯有综合运用历史意识、历史事实和历史想象,才能还原文本的多维历史语境,引导学生进入文本的文化内核,管窥文本中蕴含的文化思维方式和人文精神。

The historicity of text determines that text interpretation needs to be carried out in historical context.At present,text interpretation of Chinese reading teaching in middle schools have misunderstandings such as excessively diversified interpretation of context,simple introduction of authors’historical background,and broad social and historical environment as historical situation.The historical context of text is not single-dimensional but the co-existence of work,author and reader made up of the historical facts of text,the historical cognition of author,and the historical construction of reader.Only by comprehensively applying historical consciousness,facts and imagination can we restore the multidimensional historical context of text,guide students into the cultural core of text,and have a glimpse into the cultural thinking and humanistic spirit contained in text.