低碳饮食应用于1型糖尿病的研究进展

Role of low-carbohydrate diet in type 1 diabetes

低碳饮食是一种近年来流行的新型饮食模式,一般要求碳水化合物的摄入小于130 g/d(或供能比低于每日摄入总热量的26%),对脂肪和蛋白质的摄入则没有明确规定。低碳饮食可以帮助1型糖尿病患者更好地控制血糖:降低HbA_(1C)、减小血糖波动性以及延长目标范围内时间(time in range)。低碳饮食还可以减少1型糖尿病患者的胰岛素用量且不增加低血糖或糖尿病酮症酸中毒的风险。本文回顾了既往文献,探讨低碳饮食在1型糖尿病患者疾病管理中的作用及安全性。

Low-carbohydrate diet is becoming popular recently.It requires carbohydrate intake lower than 130 g/d(or<26%of total energy intake)while fat and protein intake are not defined.Low-carbohydrate diet contributes to better glycemic control in patients with type 1 diabetes:lowering HbA_(1C) and glycemic variability,and improving time in range(TIR).Low-carbohydrate diet reduces insulin dosage in type 1 diabetic patients and does not increase the risks of hypoglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis.This review summarized the research evidence of low-carbohydrate diet to explore the role and safety in disease management.