植物精油缓解奶牛热应激效果的研究进展

Research Progress on the Effect of Essential Oils on Relieving Heat Stress in Dairy Cows

热应激是制约奶牛生产性能的诸多因素之一,可以引起奶牛的乳房炎、热射病,导致奶牛生产繁殖性能下降。缓解奶牛热应激可以从环境控制、饲养管理、营养调控等多方面着手。本文总结了奶牛热应激的危害,以及从植物精油饲料添加剂的角度缓解奶牛热应激的研究进展和在其他畜禽动物上的应用。植物精油具有抗氧化,抑菌、提高机体免疫力等诸多功效,在奶牛生产中可被用来改善奶牛瘤胃发酵功能,提高蛋白质利用率,改善饲料转化效率,间接达到缓解奶牛热应激的功效。

Heat stress is one of the many factors that restrict the production performance of dairy cows. It can cause mastitis and heat radiation disease of dairy cows,leading to the decline of production and reproduction performance of dairy cows. To alleviate heat stress of dairy cows, we can start from environmental control,feeding management,nutrition regulation and other aspects. This paper summarized the harm of heat stress in dairy cows,the research progress of alleviating heat stress in dairy cows from the perspective of plant essential oil feed additives and its application in other livestock and poultry animals. Plant essential oil has many functions such as antioxidation,bacteriostasis,and improving immunity. It can be used to improve the rumen fermentation function of dairy cows,improve protein utilization,improve feed conversion efficiency,and indirectly alleviate the heat stress of dairy cows.