数字化赋能、要素替代与产业结构转型

Digital Empowerment,Factor Substitution and Industrial Structure Transformation

构建多部门一般均衡模型,定量分析数字化赋能对要素替代和产业结构转型的影响机理,并利用中国2009—2019年省级面板数据展开实证检验。研究发现:数字化赋能对要素替代和产业结构转型的影响受到家庭消费偏好、要素替代弹性以及产业要素密集型特征等多种因素影响;当前中国的数字化赋能会推动产业结构向服务化转型,促使工业部门使用资本替代劳动、服务业部门使用劳动替代资本,这意味着服务业将成为吸纳就业的主要部门;数字化赋能对要素替代和产业结构转型的影响存在显著的区域和时间异质性;市场机制是数字化赋能发挥作用的关键渠道。

The paper firstly constructed a multi-sector general equilibrium model,and quantitatively analyzed the action mechanism of digital empowerment on factor substitution and industrial structure transformation.Then the paper used China’s 2009-2019 provincial panel data to conduct an empirical test.The research found that,this relationship has affected by serious factors,such as household consumption preference,factor substitution elasticity and industrial factor intensive characteristics.At present,China’s digital empowerment could drive the servitization transformation of industrial structure,and promote industrial sector to use capital to replace labor,as well as promoting service sector to use labor to replace capital.These changes revealed that,service sector would become the main sector to absorb employment.The above-mentioned impact of digital empowerment had significant regional and temporal heterogeneity.Market mechanism was the key channel for digital empowerment to play its role.