越南难侨的身份协商与国家认同——基于珠海市原红旗华侨农场的案例

IDENTITY NEGOTIATION AND NATIONAL IDENTITY OF RETURNED VIETNAMESE CHINESE:A CASE STUDY OF THE FORMER HONGQI FARM IN ZHUHAI

20世纪中期,东南亚多国先后出现排华潮,大量华人华侨以“难侨”身份被迫返回祖国。难侨独特的生命历程和空间实践,使其展演出不同的身份协商过程和国家认同变迁。本文以珠海市原红旗华侨农场的越南难侨为研究对象,采用定性研究方法,剖析其在归国前后不同时期和不同空间的各方互动中身份协商和国家认同的演变过程。研究指出:越南难侨在群体互动、政府政策以及社会支持的影响下,在归国之前、归国初期和归国后期有着明显的身份认同变化;在这一过程中,其对祖国(中国)的国家认同不断加强。研究通过时空耦合视角为移民的身份协商和国家认同研究提供新的分析框架,亦从侧面反映出中国近半个世纪以来在难民治理和侨务政策方面所取得的成效。

In the middle of the 20th century,a wave of violence against Chinese emerged in Southeast Asian countries,and a large number of overseas Chinese were forced to return to China as returned overseas Chinese(Nanqiao).It should be pointed out that Nanqiao is a binary system,not only returned overseas Chinese but also refugees.Nanqiao performs different identity negotiation and national identity with their unique life course and space practice.This article takes the returned Vietnamese Chinese(Vietnamese Nanqiao)in the former Hongqi Farm in Zhuhai as the case study,and uses the qualitative research method to explore their change process of identity negotiation and national identity with the interaction of various subject in different spaces.This results shows that the change of space environment promotes the change of identity negotiation among the returned Vietnamese Chinese.This article provides a new analytical framework for the immigrant identity and national identity from the perspective of time-space coupling.