海南省三亚市2022年一起大规模新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株感染暴发疫情流行特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of a large-scale outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infection in Sanya,Hainan in 2022

目的分析新型冠状病毒(新冠病毒)奥密克戎变异株引起的三亚市本土疫情流行特征,为奥密克戎变异株疫情防控工作提供参考依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统传染病报告信息系统收集2022年8月1日—9月19日三亚市新冠病毒感染者(无症状感染者和确诊病例)相关信息。采用SPSS 25.0软件对本次奥密克戎变异株疫情的流行病学特征进行分析并比较确诊病例和无症状感染者的流行病学特征。结果本次流行三亚市累计报告新冠病毒感染者共15651例,其中无症状感染者9057例(57.87%),确诊病例6594例(42.13%),死亡病例0例;年龄范围0~107岁,0~5岁、6~18岁、19~64岁和65岁及以上分别占5.64%、15.03%、71.83%和7.51%,确诊病例平均年龄(43.26±0.27)岁高于无症状感染者(31.89±0.16)岁,两组数据差异有统计学意义(Z=-37.89,P<0.001);男女性别比为1∶1.12;职业以商业服务8239例(52.64%)为主;地区主要集中在主城区的吉阳区港门村社区(10.02%)、天涯区儋州村社区(9.69%)、吉阳区临春社区(8.11%);病例分类中无症状感染者和确诊病例分别是57.87%和42.13%;无症状感染者和确诊病例的性别、职业和发现方式均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=17.63、1632.44、179.35,P均<0.001);无症状感染者和确诊病例住院时长差异有统计学意义(Z=-12.467,P<0.001)。结论本次新冠病毒疫情是由首次发现的奥密克戎BA.5.1.3变异株引起,呈暴发流行模式,新的奥密克戎变异株的隐匿性、传染性较强,疫情发生需要采取更快速更果断的防控措施。

Objective To analyze the endemic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in Sanya,and to provide reference for the prevention and control of the Omicron variant.Methods The information of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)infected persons(asymptomatic infected persons and confirmed cases)in Sanya City from August 1 to September19,2022 was collected through the Infectious Disease Reporting Information System of the Chinese Information System for Disease Control and Prevention.SPSS 25.0 software was used to analyze and compare the epidemiological characteristics of this Omicron variant outbreak between confirmed cases and asymptomatic infected persons.Results A total of 15651 cases of COVID-19 infection were reported in Sanya including 9057 asymptomatic infections(57.87%)and 6594 confirmed cases(42.13%),there were 0 deaths.The age ranged from 0 to 107 years old in which 0 to 5 years old,6 to 18 years old,19 to 64years old and above 65 years old accounted for 5.64%,15.03%,71.83%and 7.51%respectively.The mean age of confirmed cases was(43.26±0.27)years old,which was significantly older than(31.89±0.16)years old of asymptomatic infection(Z=-37.89,P<0.001).Sex ratio between men and women was 1∶1.12.The occupation was mainly business service(8239,52.64%).The districts were mainly concentrated in Gangmen Village community of Jiyang District(10.02%),Danzhou Village community of Tianya District(9.69%)and Linchun Community of Jiyang District(8.11%).Asymptomatic and confirmed cases were 57.87%and 42.13%respectively.The differences between asymptomatic infected and confirmed cases in terms of gender,occupation and detection method were statistically significant(χ^(2)=17.63,1632.44,179.35,P all<0.001);the length of hospitalization of asymptomatic infected and confirmed cases was statistically significant(Z=-12.467,P<0.001).Conclusions This novel coronavirus outbreak was caused by Omicron BA.5.1.3 variant,which was discovered for the first time in China.The epidemiological mode is an outbreak mode,and the new Omicron variant is more insidious and infectious,and fast and decisive measures are needed to prevention and control the epidemic.