基于患者报告结局的结构化随访在首发脑卒中患者延续护理中的应用

Application of structured follow-up based on patient-reported outcomes in continuing care of first-episode stroke patients

目的 探讨基于患者报告结局的结构化随访在首发脑卒中患者延续护理中的应用效果。方法 采取便利抽样法,选取宁波大学医学院附属医院神经内科于2021年5月-2022年5月收治的107例脑卒中患者为研究对象;将其中2021年11月-2022年的5月收治的患者作为观察组,将2021年5-10月收治的患者作为对照组,分为观察组54例和对照组53例。对照组接受常规智能随访,观察组则进行基于患者报告结局的结构化随访。比较2组患者的身体功能、认知功能、担任社会角色与参加社交活动的能力、疲劳、疼痛影响、抑郁及满意度的差异。结果 出院时,2组患者身体功能、认知功能、担任社会角色与参加社交活动的能力、疲劳、疼痛、抑郁总分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,观察组在随访1个月、3个月后,身体功能、认知功能、担任社会角色与参加社交活动的能力得分均高于对照组,疼痛得分低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,观察组随访1个月后,抑郁得分明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预3个月后,2组患者抑郁得分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,观察组患者满意度显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 基于患者报告结局的结构化随访,可促进首发脑卒中患者康复,提高其生活质量和满意度。

Objective To explore the application effect of structured follow-up based on patient-reported outcome in continued nursing care of patients with a first-stroke episode. Methods A total of 107 stroke patients admitted to the neurology department of affiliated hospital of medical school of Ningbo University from May 2021 to May 2022 was selected by using the convenient sampling method.The patients admitted from November 2021 to May 2022 were taken as the observation group(54 cases), and the patients admitted from May 2021 to October 2021 were taken as the control group(53 cases).The control group received routine follow-up, and the observation group received structured follow-up followed up based on patient-reported outcomes. Differences in physical function, cognitive function, ability to play social roles and participate in social activities, fatigue, pain effects, depression, and satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results At discharge, there were no statistical differences in the total scores of physical function, cognitive function, ability to play a social role and participate in social activities, fatigue, pain, and depression between the two groups(P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the scores of physical function, cognitive function, ability to play a social role and participate in social activities in the observation group were higher than those in the control group after 1 month and 3 months of follow-up, with statistical significance(P<0.05);Pain scores in the observation group were significantly lower than that in the control group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the depression score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group after 1 month of intervention, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);After 3 months of intervention, there was no statistical difference in the depression score between the two groups(P>0.05);Compared with the control group, the satisfaction of patients in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions The structured follow-up based on patient-reported outcomes can promote the rehabilitation of first-episode stroke patients, and improve their quality of life and satisfaction.